2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
(2,4,6 TCP) is one of the hazardous toxicants,
which has severe impacts on the environment and human health. This
study is designed to develop a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical
sensor based on CuO nanostructures for the detection of 2,4,6 TCP.
The CuO nanostructures were synthesized through an aqueous chemical
growth method and characterized by versatile analytical techniques,
for example, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission
scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy-dispersive
spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction. The characterization tools revealed
a high crystalline nature, exceptional phase purity, nanoball morphology
with an average size of around 18.7 nm for the CuO nanostructures.
The synthesized material was used to modify a glassy carbon electrode
(GCE) with the help of Nafion as a binder to improve its efficiency
and sensitivity. The CuO/Nafion/GCE was proven to be a potential sensor
for the determination of 2,4,6 TCP under optimized conditions at a
scan rate of 70 mV/s, potential range of 0.1–1.0 V, and phosphate
buffer of neutral pH as the supporting electrolyte. The linear range
for 2,4,6 TCP was set from (1 to 120 μM) with a low limit of
detection value calculated to be 0.046 μM. The developed sensor
was effectively applied for water samples with acceptable recovery
values from 95.9 to 100.6%.
This study displays the facile and fluent electrochemical determination of uric acid (UA) through exceptional copper oxide nanostructures (CuO), as an effective sensing probe. The copper oxide nanostructures were fabricated via an aqueous chemical growth method using sodium hydroxide as a reducing agent, which massively hold hydroxide source. Copper oxide nanostructures showed astonishing electrocatalytic behavior in the detection of UA. Different characterization techniques such as XRD, FESEM, and EDS were exploited to determine crystalline nature, morphologies, and elemental composition of synthesized nanostructures. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) was subjected to investigate the electrochemical performance of UA using copper oxide nanostructures modified glassy carbon electrode CuO/GCE. The CV parameters were optimized at a scan rate of 50 mV/s with −0.7 to 0.9 potential range, and the UA response was investigated at 0.4 mV. PBS buffer of pH 7.4 was exploited as a supporting electrolyte. The linear dynamic range for UA was 0.001–351 mM with a very low limit of detection observed as 0.6 µM. The proposed sensor was successfully applied in urine samples for the detection of UA with improved sensitivity and selectivity.
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