Exceto onde especificado diferentemente, a matéria publicada neste periódico é licenciada sob forma de uma licença Creative Commons-Atribuição 4.
As línguas Apurinã, Piro e Iñapari, membros da família lingüística Aruák, são inicialmente comparadas com base nos dados utilizados na reconstrução de Payne (1991), e nas correspondências fonológicas apresentadas em Facundes (2000, 2002). A partir das evidências de agrupamento dessas três línguas, cognatos especificamente relacionados à fauna e flora Aruák são estabelecidos. Utilizando-se dos resultados encontrados na comparação, três questões são examinadas: o que as retenções lexicais indicam sobre o lugar dessas línguas dentro da família Aruák? Com base nos cognatos identificados, quais conceitos da flora e fauna provavelmente podem ser reconstruídos para estágios anteriores no desenvolvimento dessas três línguas a partir de uma língua ancestral? E, finalmente, quais inferências podem ser feitas sobre o passado desses povos com base na semântica da fauna e flora reconstruída?
Several Indigenous languages of Brazil have few speakers; in at least one case one speaker only (Xipaya), in most cases a few tens (Mekens), in other cases a few hundred (Apurinã), and in rare cases a few thousand (Tikuna). In most cases, the original language is being replaced by the dominant language, Portuguese. In this article, the issues concerning the current state of vitality of Amazonian Indigenous languages will be addressed, as well as resources and strategies available to work with the communities. The aim is to identify the main causes of language loss, and the paths required to maintain these languages in the long run. The Apurinã language, which belongs to the Arawak linguistic family, will be discussed as a point of departure for addressing the issues of revitalization and engagements. The Apurinã people themselves, numbering approximately seven thousand, live mainly along the tributaries of the Purus river in Southwestern Amazonia. It was noticed that better results were achieved through a collaborative work with the community, as the diversity of spoken language could be included in the teaching materials. Furthermore, the Indigenous authors could feel the authorship that also strengthened the adoption of the materials. Yet, more work is still needed to recreate functional domains for the language to be used, and these domains shall include contemporary everyday activities as well as storytelling, rituals and chants, but also the creation of new public spaces for language use. The power relations with the dominant society are also key elements in designing Indigenous languages materials according to the population's interests, and their particular linguistic characteristics.
This article looks at what origin stories teach about the world and what kind of material presence they have in Southwestern Amazonia. We examine the ways the Apurinã relate to certain nonhuman entities through their origin story, and our theoretical approach is language materiality, as we are interested in material means of mediating traditional stories. Analogous to the ways that speakers of many other languages who distinguish the entities that they talk to or about, the Apurinã make use of linguistic resources to establish the ways they interact with different entities. Besides these resources, the material means of mediating stories is a crucial tool to narrate the worlds of humans and nonhumans. Storytelling requires material mediation, and a specific context of plant substances. It also involves community meeting as a space of trust in order to become a communicative practice and effectively introduce the history of the people. Our sources are ethnography, language documentation, and autoethnography.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.