Gastrodia elata
is a famous traditional Chinese herb with medicinal and edible application. In this study, three new polybenzyls, gastropolybenzylols G-I (
1–3
) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of
G. elata.
Their structures were identified by extensive spectroscopic analyses involving HRESIMS, UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR. Compound
1
showed agonistic effects on MT
1
and MT
2
receptors with agonistic rates of 55.91±4.84% and 165.13±5.65% at the concentration of 0.5 mM, respectively, and an EC
50
value of 76.24
μ
M on MT
2
receptor.
Graphic Abstract
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (10.1007/s13659-019-0213-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
The incidence of frailty gradually increases with age. This condition places a heavy burden on modern society, of which the aging population is increasing. Frailty is one of the most complicated clinical syndromes; thus, it is difficult to uncover its underlying mechanisms. Oxidative stress (OS) is involved in frailty in multiple ways. The association between the gut microbiota (GM) and frailty was recently reported. Herein, we propose that OS is involved in the association between the GM and the occurrence of frailty syndrome. An imbalance between oxidation and antioxidants can eventually lead to frailty, and the GM probably participates in this process through the production of reactive oxygen species. On the other hand, OS can disturb the GM. Such dysbiosis consequently induces or exacerbates tissue damage, leading to the occurrence of frailty syndrome. Finally, we discuss the possibility of improving frailty by intervening in the vicious cycle between the imbalance of OS and dysbiosis.
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