In the present study, four plant extracts (Allium sativum L., Desmodium gangeticum L., Eclipta alba L., and Piper longum L.) were considered and checked for their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity which is the main true enzyme which hydrolyses acetylcholine in the body. The dried coarse powder of plants was extracted with methanol by cold extraction method. The resultant was assessed for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity by Ellman’s method with few modifications. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (Ferrous reducing Antioxidant power) assays. Quantitative phytochemical (phenolic contents) analysis of endogenous substances was performed by standard spectrophotometric methods. Plant extract significantly inhibited AChE activity. Additionally, the plant extracts exhibited strong radical scavenging activity against DPPH and reduced the Ferric ion (FRAP) significantly when compared to that of standards. Plant extracts were found to be rich in phenolic (gallic acid equivalent/g of dry extract) content. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the total phenolics and antioxidants as well as the anticholinesterase potential.
Saliva has been studied extensively as a potential diagnostic tool over the last decade due to its ease and non-invasive accessibility along with its abundance of biomarkers, such as genetic material and proteins.The activity of protein in saliva increased during ovulation. When we monitored salivary protein activity in 40 different women volunteers during various stages of reproduction like (prepubertal, parous, non-parous, menopausal and in the metabolic disorder state diabetic condition it has been observed that highly significant (p<0.001) increase in parous ovulatory & non parous ovulatory whereas, highly significant (p<0.01)increase was observed in non-parous postovulatory and a highly significant (p<0.001) decrease was observed in menopause and diabetic in comparison to prepubertal. A highly significant (p<0.001) decrease was observed in menopause in comparison to parous preovulatory, ovulatory, post ovulatory & non-parous ovulatory and postovulatory. A highly significant (p<0.01) decrease was observed in diabetic in comparison to menopausal human female subjects. The result revealed that the total protein was considered as testing the saliva instead of blood isa non-invasive loom and it can be used as a biomarker for ovulation detection.
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