A H
2
SO
4
–H
2
O
2
system was developed to enhance the efficacy of vanadium
extraction
from roasted vanadium steel slag. The optimum parameters and the behavior
of vanadium extraction were investigated systematically. When 1 mL
of H
2
O
2
per gram of vanadium slag was added
to a leaching mixture at 50 °C, along with 30% H
2
SO
4
, 80.5% of vanadium extraction was achieved within 15 min.
However, without H
2
O
2
, only 58.5% of vanadium
extraction was achieved at the same leaching time. The H
2
SO
4
–H
2
O
2
system facilitated
the dissolution of metallic ions in a short time and then triggered
the production of strong oxidizing substances, such as HO
•
and O
2
–•
, via the Fenton reaction
and Fenton-like reaction. Subsequently, the low-valence vanadium,
existing in the leaching solution or located on the surface of the
particle, was converted to pentavalent vanadium by strongly oxidizing
substances, such as H
2
O
2
and its derivatives
HO
•
and O
2
. The complex oxides on the
surface of the particle were destroyed, after which the vanadium inside
the particle was gradually exposed to the acid leaching solution.
The vanadium was oxidized to pentavalent vanadium, which then entered
the leaching solution. Finally, a pathway of vanadium extraction via
the H
2
SO
4
–H
2
O
2
system
was proposed to gain insight into rapid vanadium leaching.
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