Folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma (FSCH) is a rare cutaneous hamartoma composed of dilated folliculosebaceous units associated with mesenchymal elements. Two cases of FSCH with typical histopathological features are reported. Patient 1 was a 60-year-old man presented with a normal skin-coloured asymptomatic nodule on his scalp. Patient 2 was a 70-year-old man with an asymptomatic nodule on his right auricle that had persisted for the previous 15 years. In all, 34 cases of FSCH have been reported in the English literature. Clinically, the lesions are asymptomatic, usually rubbery to firm in consistency, and usually occur on or above the neck (> 90%). Most lesions do not exceed 25 mm in diameter (> 90%). Histopathologically, FSCH shares several similar features to sebaceous trichofolliculoma, but it is usually possible to differentiate these two tumours.
This study aimed to determine whether ultrasonography (US) can detect increased vascular signal in the synovial tissue prior to overt synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Env-pX rats that spontaneously develop RA-like synovitis were used. Ankle joints of 15 pre-morbid env-pX rats were observed with power Doppler and superb microvascular imaging (SMI) using an ultrahighfrequency (8-24 MHz) probe. Signal values were counted as the number of pixels. The total number of vessels and vessel area in the synovial tissue were histologically evaluated. Dilated vessels were determined from the mean value of synovial vessels in three wild-type rats. In all env-pX rats, apparent synovial proliferation was not observed. However, vasodilation was evident. Only SMI values were significantly correlated with the number of dilated vessels (r=0.585, p=0.022) but not with the total number of vessels. US with SMI using ultrahighfrequency probe can detect increased vascular signal in the synovial tissue of arthritis-prone rats.
Elevated plasma PSEP levels were correlated with disease activity of SLE, suggesting inappropriate monocyte or neutrophil activation in the pathophysiology of SLE exacerbation.
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