Acute leukemia (AL) is a group of highly heterogeneous hematological malignancies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed circRNA molecules implicated in the development of many diseases. However, the role of circRNAs in AL remains largely unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to identify new classification diagnostic biomarkers for subgroups of AL. The circRNA expression signatures discriminating acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were identified by microarray, followed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) validation. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiencies of hsa_circ_0001857 and hsa_circ_0012152, and hsa_circ_0012152 was selected for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. The results showed that the circRNA expression profiles, hsa_circ_0001857, and hsa_circ_0012152 could clearly discriminate ALL from AML. The target genes of hsa_circ_0012152 might be involved in biological processes, such as myeloid cell differentiation, covalent chromatin modification, histone modification, and rat sarcoma (Ras) protein signal transduction, and participate in pathways such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway. Hsa_circ_0012152 might be involved in the initiation and development of AML through miR-491-5p/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/MAPK1 or miR-512-3p/EGFR/MAPK1 axis. Our results showed that circRNA expression profiles and specifically expressed circRNAs were promising classification biomarkers to designate AL into ALL or AML.
This article shall explore the characteristics of hydro-mechanical transmission in power shift. Based on the double brakes overlapping, the adjustment of the displacement ratio of variable-displacement hydraulic component is considered, and then a new full power shift method is proposed. Models respectively for speed, torque, and power in the power shift process are built. The ideal power shift timing is deduced, with the ratio between speed of fixed-displacement hydraulic component and input speed being the criterion. By combining theoretical analysis and experimental studies, it shows that in power shift process by regulating the displacement ratio of variable-displacement hydraulic component, the interchange between high- and low-pressure sides in closed hydraulic circuit can be completed, and power transition can be thus realized. A new full power shift method is put forward, in which the shift process is divided into five stages: current range, prior stable stage, power transition stage, post stable stage, and target range. Experiments on full power shift process prove that the full power shift method is not only feasible but also can remove the rotational speed fluctuation in power shift process and realize normal full power transmission of output power.
A systematic analysis methodology is proposed to design the suitable three-mode configurations based on the lever model. Based upon the torque and speed relationship among four powertrain elements, three suitable configurations are selected. In designing dual-mode powertrain, method of adding the number of PG and the DOF of configuration are applied based on the compound split mode. On the basis of dual-mode powertrain, three-mode powertrains are designed though adding input split in low speed ratio or compound split in high speed ratio. Comparing the relationship of motor’s speed and torque in dual-mode and three-mode powertrains separately, the structure which has low requirements for motors is selected.
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