A 10-day, high-dose, GGOH-supplemented diet was sufficient to inhibit LPS-induced inflammation and activation of NF-κB in rat livers. GGOH significantly modulated NF-κB signaling molecules, inhibiting its signal transduction and activation in the liver, thus protecting against liver damage.
To evaluate the suppressive effects of green rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) unfermented tea on postprandial hyperglycemia, we orally administered four carbohydrates with or without green rooibos extract (GRE) and its major flavonoid aspalathin (Asp). GRE significantly suppressed the elevation of blood glucose levels after glucose, maltose, and starch intake. Asp also lowered the levels for all four carbohydrates. To clarify the mechanism underlying these results, we performed an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and measured the ability of GRE and Asp to inhibit the activities of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes in vitro. In IPGTT, GRE and Asp did not show suppressive effects on blood glucose, while they dose-dependently inhibited the activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase in vitro. These results showed that GRE and Asp suppress the elevation of blood glucose levels. It was indicated that these effects may result from the suppression of glucose absorption and the inhibition of carbohydratehydrolyzing enzyme activities by GRE and Asp.
Some chemicals were examined for their eŠects on the germination of resting spores of the clubroot pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae, and on the control of clubroots in Chinese cabbage. CaŠeic acid, coumalic acid, and corilagin stimulated the germination of Plasmodiophora spores and prevented the formation of clubroots in Chinese cabbage. Clubroot might be controlled by agents with germination-stimulating eŠects.
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