Thermobacillus composti sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from a composting reactor A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, spore-forming and moderately thermophilic bacterium, strain KWC4 T , was isolated from a composting reactor. Cells of strain KWC4 T were 2.0-5.0 mm long and 0.5-0.7 mm in diameter. Strain KWC4 T grew aerobically at 32-61 6C, with optimal growth occurring at 50 6C. It grew at pH 5.6-10.1, with optimal growth at around pH 9.0. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth was almost 0 % (w/v), but strain KWC4 T was moderately halotolerant and was able to grow at NaCl concentrations up to 4.4 % (w/v). The DNA G+C content of strain KWC4 T was 60.0 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-16 : 0 (39.0 %) and anteiso-15 : 0 (33.3 %). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity data, strain KWC4 T belonged to the genus Thermobacillus and was related to Thermobacillus xylanilyticus. However, strain KWC4 T had a 38 bp insertion sequence located near the 39 end of its 16S rRNA gene that was not present in T. xylanilyticus. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value between strain KWC4 T and T. xylanilyticus was 95.7 %. The DNA-DNA hybridization value between strain KWC4 T and T. xylanilyticus strain XE T was 66 %. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic evidence, strain KWC4 T (=DSM 18247 T =JCM 13945 T ) is the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Thermobacillus composti sp. nov. is proposed.
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