An experiment was conducted to investigate the response of juvenile silver bream (Rhabdosargus sarba) to dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA). White fishmeal and casein were the protein sources with 7.0% soybean oil as the major lipid component in the basal diet. Different levels of n-3 HUFA (n-3 HUFA, 85%) ranging from 0.5 to 2.0% (at 0.5% increment) were supplemented to the basal diet to replace equivalent levels of soybean oil. Test diets were fed to silver bream in duplicate 500-1 fiberglass tanks for 8 weeks. Fish fed the basal diet exhibited the poorest weight gain (639.45%) and feed efficiency (91.93%). With increasing levels of dietary n-3 HUFA (0.61-1.64%), weight gain and feed efficiency improved (639.45-789.42% and 91.93- 104.60%, respectively); but, at 2.19% n-3 HUFA, weight gain and feed efficiency were slightly suppressed (739.75% and 92.97%, respectively). However, statistically, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in weight gain among 1.31, 1.64 and 2.19% dietary n-3 HUFA, and feed efficiency among 0.91, 1.31, 1.64 and 2.19% dietary n-3 HUFA. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in survival and condition factor among dietary treatments. Body lipid composition of fish was affected by dietary lipid composition. Feeding a diet low in the n-3 HUFA level resulted in an increase of 18:ln-9 and 18:2n-6. Elevation of dietary n-3 HUFA levels effectively reduced the 18:Jn-9 and 18:2n-6 levels and increased n-3 HUFA levels. This indicates that the dietary n-3 HUFA for juvenile silver bream should be above 1.31% in order to achieve better growth and feed efficiency.
Corn meal was exposed to electron beam irradiation with doses ranging from 0.00 to 5.40 kGy. The effects of electron beam irradiation on corn meal pasting viscosity and degradation were compared. Pasting properties, viscosity and amylase content decreased significantly (P < 0.05) upon increasing the irradiation dose. Soluble solids of corn meal also increased with increasing irradiation dose. Amylose and soluble solids content increase indicated that electron beam irradiation causes the degradation of corn meal. Observation under scanning electron microscope revealed surface cracking and smaller size of the granules treated by electron beam irradiation which increased with increase in irradiation dose. The low viscosity and degradation of corn meal might have positive effect on enzymatic hydrolysis in industrial and food formulations.
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