A quasi-linear analytical solution based on the Gaussian-beam expansion technique is used to model the parametric array. The axial sound pressure levels and the beam pattern of the primary and difference frequency waves of a compact hexagonal array, a spaced hexagonal array and a conventional square array consisting of circular elements are calculated. For comparison, a square piston source with equal radiation area is considered as well. Simulation results show that the beam patterns of the difference frequency sound of four sources are almost the same. The compact hexagonal array is more efficient than the square array because of higher axial sound pressure levels of the difference frequency sound.
In this paper, we report the effects on the performance of a parametric loudspeaker caused by a nonideal ultrasound transducer. The frequency contents of self-demodulated secondary wave pressure for the nonideal ultrasound transducer are first derived on the basis of Berktay's solution. Then, according to the relationship between the input signal and the envelope of primary wave pressure, the harmonic distortion and intermodulation distortion are obtained for different modulation techniques. Simulation experiments show that in the case of using the double-sideband amplitude modulation (DSB-AM) technique, the amplitudes of the fundamental frequency and intermodulation distortion components are affected by both the phase and magnitude response of the ultrasound transducer, whereas the harmonic distortion component is only affected by the phase response. In the case of using the single-sideband amplitude modulation (SSB-AM) technique, the amplitudes of the fundamental frequency component and intermodulation distortion components are only affected by the magnitude response of the transducer.
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