This paper studies the design and implementation of a non-isolated dual-half-bridge bidirectional DC-DC converter for DC micro-grid system applications. High efficiency can be achieved under wide-range load variations by the zero-voltage-switching features and an adaptive phase-shift control method. A three-stage charging scheme is designed to meet the fast-charging demand and prolong the lifetime of LiFePO 4 batteries. A digital-signal-processing control IC is used to realize the power flow control, DC-bus voltage regulation, and battery charging/ discharging of the studied bidirectional DC-DC converter. Finally, a 10 kW prototype converter with Enhanced Controller Area Network communication function is built and tested for micro-grid system applications. A light-load efficiency over 96% and a rated-load efficiency over 98% can be achieved.State 5 (t 4 < t < t 5 ): At t 4 , Q A is turned off. Inductor current charges the parasitic capacitance of Q A and discharges the parasitic capacitance of Q B until the voltage across Q A reaches to V Bat and the voltage across Q B reaches to zero, then body diode of Q B conducts. Figure 4. Equivalent circuits of different switching states. 1142 H.-J. CHIU ET AL.

We report the first fabrication of pigment particle-based electrowetting display (EWD) by using the requisite poly(isobutylene)-imide (PIB-imide) for effectively dispersing insoluble colorant in decane/water system. The series of PIB-imide dispersants were prepared from the amidation/imidation of PIB-succinic anhydride with different hydrophobic lengths and a suitable amine. The structurally tailored dispersants by adopting the highly hydrophobic PIB tails allows the formation of homogeneous dispersion of nanosized pigment particles in decane and clearly separated from water. The pigment dispersion at particle size of ca. 100 nm and a low viscosity of 2-3 cps was obtained and fabricated into an EWD device which was operated at a driving voltage of 15-20 V in achieving a maximum aperture ratio of 80%. With the advantage of both fast response time and vivid color, the pigment-based EWD, as shown in the video, stands out as a promising new option for future transparent display and serves as a critical foundation for the next-generation advanced display applications.

A high-efficiency digital-controlled interleaved dc-dc converter is designed and implemented to provide a regulated high voltage output for high-power proton-exchange-membrane fuel-cell applications. Ripple cancellation on input current and output voltage can be achieved by the studied interleaved dc-dc power conversion technique to reduce hysteresis energy losses inside the fuel-cell stacks and meet battery charging considerations on the high-voltage dc bus. An active-clamped circuit is also used to reduce the voltage spike on the power switches for raising the system reliability. The operation principles and the design considerations of the studied power converter are analyzed and discussed in detail. Finally, a 10-kW laboratory prototype is built and tested. The experimental results are shown to verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme.

Transparent display is currently an interesting topic in the display technologies for mobile device, monitor, shopping window or smart window application. This paper described the large area (14 inch) transparent electrowetting display (EWD) by using twolayer hydrophilic rib structure and manufacturing process is proposed as well. This work included two parts: structure and process development of large area transparent electrowetting display and the implementation of two-layer hydrophilic rib structure and plasma treatment in the manufacturing process for electrowetting display. The two-layer structure material and plasma treatment is implemented to modify the manufacturing process and improve the panel performance. The development of this study realized the concept of transparent electrowetting display with large size display area.

We have designed a class of highly hydrophobic dispersants for finely dispersing carbon black and organic pigment nanoparticles in apolar mediums. The synthesis involved the use of polyisobutylene-g-succinic anhydride (PIB-SA) and judiciously selected amines by amidation and imidation. The structures were characterized by infrared spectroscopy for anhydride functionalities in the starting materials and amide/imide linkages in the products. These polymeric forms of dispersants were structurally varied with respects to their PIB molecular weight, twin-tails, and linkages. Their relative performance for dispersing six different pigments in decane was evaluated against solution homogeneity, viscosity, stability, and particle size. The fine dispersion was achieved at particle sizes of ca. 100 nm, with the viscosity as low as 2-3 cP. The measurement of zeta potentials, which varied from -39.8 to -5.1 mV with pigment addition, revealed a strong surface-charge interaction between pigment and PIB dispersant molecules. Examination by TEM (transmission electronic microscope) showed the homogeneous dispersion of the primary structures of pigment particles at ca. 20 nm in diameter. The polymeric dispersants with different PIB tails and imide functionalities could be tailored for pigment stability in the oil phase, which is potentially suitable for the electrowetting devices.