In the present investigation, we study the effect of Bacillus thuringiensis MH161336 (106–8 CFU/cm3), silicon (25 mL L−1), and carrot extract (75 mL L−1) as seed primers, individually or in combination, on morphological, physio-biochemical and yield components of drought-stressed pea plants (Master B) during 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 seasons. Our results indicated that drought causes a remarkable reduction in plant height, leaf area, number of leaves per plant, and number of flowers per plant in stressed pea plants during two seasons. Likewise, number of pods, pod length, seeds weight of 10 dried plants, and dry weight of 100 seeds were decreased significantly in drought-stressed pea plants. Nevertheless, seed priming with the individual treatments or in combination boosted the morphological, physio-biochemical, and yield characters of pea plants. The best results were obtained with the Bacillus thuringiensis + carrot extract treatment, which led to a remarkable increase in the number of leaves per plant, leaf area, plant height, and number of flowers per plant in stressed pea plants in both seasons. Moreover, pod length, number of seeds per pod, seeds weight of 10 dried plants, and dry weight of 100 seeds were significantly increased as well. Bacillus thuringiensis + carrot extract treatment led to improved biochemical and physiological characters, such as relative water content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, regulated the up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes, increased seed yield, and decreased lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species, mainly superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, in drought-stressed pea plants.

The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid treatments on growth, yield and quality of lettuce plants cv "Big Bell" that grown under water deficit stress. A field experiment was carried out during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 seasons at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt. Drought was induced by withholding watering for 15 days after salicylic acid (SA) application exactly at 20 and 30 days after trasplanting. Five treatments were utilized. These were water-stressed +100 ppm of SA, water-stressed +200 ppm of SA, water-stressed +300 ppm of SA foliar spray, water-stressed only, and the fifth group served as control. Results indicated that water stress adversely affected growth and productivity parameters of lettuce cultivar "Big Bell". Water stressed plants at earlier stage of growth (20 day stage) were more inhibitory as compared with the plants at the age of 30. Generally, foliar spraying with salicylic acid significantly protected against the stress and increased root length, root weight, fresh head weight, head diameter, photosynthetic pigments compared to treatment that under water deficit. However, proline content increased under drought as well as under SA treatments. Spraying of salicylic acid at 200 ppm at the age of 30 was the most effective treatment that causing significant increase in yield by18.31% and 26.9% relative to control treatment in the first and second seasons, respectively. Application with salicylic acid increases drought tolerance and avoids the deleterious effect of water stress.

The objective of this study was to determine the plant density that result in the best marketable yields and gross crop value per fedan of onion Giza 6 cv. that grown by sets .Sets were grown at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture,

The current study was performed at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley University during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons in order to evaluate response of onion cv. Giza 6 to some organic fertilizers, i.e., cattle manure and poultry manure in addition to mineral fertilizers as control treatment. The results obtained showed that the vegetative growth characters and yield components of onion plants were significantly influenced by fertilizers kinds. Combination of poultry manure at 75% of recommended fertilizers and 25% of mineral fertilizers recorded the highest values for both vegetative growth characters and yield components, i.e., plant height, leaves number, plant fresh and dry weight, crop growth rate, bulb fresh weight, bulb diameter, bulb dry matter, marketable yield and total yield in a comparison to mineral fertilizers (control) in both seasons. While, the content of chlorophyll a, b, total carotenoids, N, P and K in onion leaves and vitamin C, sulfur volatile oil and TSS in onion bulb were increased significantly by application of poultry manure at 25% of recommended fertilizers plus 75% of mineral fertilizers compared to mineral fertilizers (control) in both seasons. It can be concluded that application of poultry manure at 75% of recommended fertilizers plus 25% of mineral fertilizers increased growth , yield and improved bulb quality of onion plants cv. Giza 6 under the New Valley Governorate conditions.

This work was carried out to improve the quality and yield of Onion Giza 6cv. that grown by sets. Sets were grown on September 12 and 16 in 2006/ 2007 and 2007/ 2008 seasons ,respectively .Plants were subjected to irrigation treatment intervals. Results showed that , increasing the period between irrigations led to a significant reduction in percentage of double bulbs. Application of irrigation later in the growing seasons gave a simultaneous increase in total yield. Plots that received 4 irrigations , gave the lowest weight loss .