Objective: To compare the progressive muscular relaxation and music therapy in reducing the anxiety, depression and stress symptoms among nurses. Study Design: Quasi-experimental Study. Place and Duration of Study: Various hospitals in Rawalpindi, from Mar 2018 to Mar 2019. Methodology: Sample of study was 20 female nurses. They were assessed by using depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS21), Urdu version. Study participants were randomized into two groups, group 1= who received the music therapy (n=10); group 2=who receive progressive muscular relaxation (n=10). Both the groups were provided with 4 sessions of both interventions for one month. After completion of intervention, post assessment was carried immediately and analysis was carried out. Results: Mean age of nurses was 31 ± 7.42 years (range from 19-45 years). Significant difference was found which showed that progressive muscular relaxation was more effective in reducing the symptoms of depression and stress as compared to music therapy. Whereas, no significant difference (p>0.05) was found on anxiety (both the treatments equally reduced the anxiety). Conclusion: Progressive muscular relaxation was found to be more effective in reducing stress and depression in nurses than music therapy. The use of such techniques can serve as an additional therapy in the treatment of stress, anxiety and depression and can be used to reduce the need for pharmacological therapy.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine whether diabetes related depression and distress arethe same thing among type 1 diabetic.Study Design: A cross sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted from June 2019 to September 2019 in the community of Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.Materials and Methods: The data was collected from community dwelling population. Quantitative Researchwas designed to determine the prediction of diabetes related depression and distress through level of bloodsugar i.e., Glycosylated Haemoglobin. Secondly, occurrence of depression and distress along with subtypes wasalso calculated in diabetic patients. Demographic sheet, DDS17 Questionnaire and PHQ-9 (Mobile App) wereused for the collection of data from the patients.Results: Diabetes related distress, but not diabetes related depression, was associated with worse glycemicmanagement. Only 8% of the patients with diabetes related depression experience no distress. More than 75%of screening positive for depression also had diabetes related distress. Majority of the patients endorseddiabetes related distress compared to depression.Conclusion: From the analysis of the obtained results it was concluded that diabetes related depression anddistress are not the same thing and should not be considered synonymous expressions. As both distress anddepression are altogether different phenomenon and demand different interventions, hence should be treateddifferently.How to cite this: Javed S, Pasha QU, Kiani S, Haider A. Is Diabetes Related Depression and Distress Are One and the Same Thing among Type 1 Diabetic Patients? Life and Science. 2022; 3(4): 192-195. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.277

Objective: The current study objective was to identify and explore the common reasons of relapse after abstinence in drug addiction. Study Design: Cross sectional. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Psychiatry Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad from January to August 2019. Materials and Methods: Individuals who were drug dependent and reported for detoxification were included in the study. Individual interviews were conducted through thematic guide regarding demographic details, name of substance of abuse, duration of substance abuse, number of previous self-attempts to quit the drug, average period of abstinence after self-attempt, reason of relapse after self-attempt, previous assisted attempts to quit the habit, average period of abstinence after assisted attempt, reason of relapse after assisted attempts. The responses were analyzed by using content analysis. Results: Participants (N=34) were males, age range 25 to 40 years, 58% married, 11% uneducated, 79% employed, 47% heroin addiction and 11% were using cannabis. The common reasons of relapse among self –attempt and assisted-attempt addicts after abstinence in drug addiction were peer pressure (social pressure), negative emotions from family (aggression discouragement and lack of empathy/sympathy), stress (traumatic events,badphysical/mentalhealth)/lackofmotivationand easyavailabilityofdrugs(cheap,affordableand distributors are approachable). Resentment against confinement at rehabilitation centers was found only among assisted-attempt addicts after abstinence. Half of the self-attempt participants of the study, were abusing drugs for about last 5 years, 20% had tried to quit the drug on their own at least twice, 41.18 % for two weeks, 32.35 % for 1 month, and 26.47% remained abstinent after self-attempt to quit the drug for more than 6 months. On the contrary, 47 % of these individuals had two previous assisted attempts at rehabilitation centers to quit the drug. After assisted attempts 32.35 % remained abstinent for less than one day, 52.94% for one day, and 14.71 % for less than one week. Conclusion: It is concluded that the main reasons of relapse are emotional instability, lack of family cooperation and confinement at rehabilitation centers against the will of individual for longer time. Therefore, rehabilitation process should be initiated with the motivation of the individual, followed by psycho education of the family and avoidance of unnecessary prolongs admission without consent of the individual.

This research aimed at determining the relationship of internet gaming with emotional intelligence, psychological distress, and academic performance among university students; it also investigated whether playing timings could influence psychological distress and emotional intelligence. A sample comprising 315 university students (boys = 161, girls = 154) was collected. Internet Gaming Disorder Test (Pontes, Kiraly, Demetrovics, & Griffiths, 2014), Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (Wong & Law, 2002) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) were used. Academic performance was measured through grades obtained during last two semesters. Results revealed internet gaming had significant positive relationship with psychological distress, whereas it was linked to emotional intelligence and academic performance negatively. Students who played more after mid-night were psychologically more distressed than those who played during morning, evening, or early night time. Outcomes of this research will be beneficial in developing effective awareness programs for the individuals who are highly involved in internet gaming to understand its negative consequences.