Purpose: Based on social cognitive theory, the present study aimed to explore the impact of entrepreneurial leadership on employees' innovative work behavior through the moderating path of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in technology-based SMEs. The study also explains the mechanism through which a firm's innovative environment mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and employees' innovative work behavior. Methods: To pursue the objectives, this study has used data from a sample of 350 supervisor-subordinate dyads working in cross sectional small and medium enterprises (SMEs) operating in the Jiangsu province of China. Based on social cognitive theory and specific continuum of self-efficacy theory, a conceptual model was developed and the hypotheses were tested with the help of SPSS 20. Findings: Empirical findings recommend a significant positive effect of entrepreneurial leadership on employees' innovative work behavior. The study suggested that firm's innovative environment mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and the employees' innovative behavior. The results also confirmed that entrepreneurial self-efficacy exerts a positive moderating effect on the association of entrepreneurial leadership and employees' innovative behavior. Conclusion: Findings of the present research work have several implications for the management and policymakers of high-tech SMEs who want to augment their employees' innovative behavior in order to compete in a highly competitive and challenging business environment. To the best of authors' knowledge, this work is the first attempt that presents an empirically supported comprehensive model for the development of employees' innovative behavior within entrepreneurial-based high-tech SMEs. It contributes to literature by examining the mediation and moderation process for the development of employees' innovative behavior.
Purpose This paper aims to develop an original framework of innovation and to explore the complexity of association between individual and collective (team-based) entrepreneurship, and their simultaneous impacts on innovation in context of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach An integral theoretical framework is developed to encourage innovation and the hypothetical relations are tested with the help of structural equation modeling (SEM) through AMOS. Data were gathered through survey technique and the questioners were distributed through email among 700 entrepreneurs from SMEs operating in five major industrial cities of Punjab province Pakistan. Findings The results of SEM analyses confirm that both the individual entrepreneur and the collective efforts of all the business members contribute to innovation in SMEs. Entrepreneur’s personality traits have a direct positive impact on innovation while the centralized decision-making by entrepreneur is not associated with innovation. Centralized decision-making is found to be negatively associated with communication and have insignificant positive association with collaboration. Factors associated with the team-based entrepreneurship like communication and collaboration among members of the SME’s contribute to the entrepreneurial orientation and collective entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial orientation and collective entrepreneurship have direct positive impact on innovation in SMEs. Practical implications It is imperative for SMEs to encourage decentralized organizational culture and participative leadership to bring innovation into their products and processes and further to improve their competitive advantage. Originality/value To the best of author knowledge, present study is a first attempt that explores the complex association between individual and team-based entrepreneurship and further, empirically investigate the simultaneous impacts of these variables on innovation in context of SMEs.
TNO Working Paper SeriesThe TNO Working Paper series is intended to convey the preliminary results of ongoing research conducted at the TNO cluster of Strategy and Policy. Topics spread across issues related to science, technology and innovation studies, system innovation and societal transitions, regional economics, spatial economics, complex governance, ecoinnovation policies and strategies and sustainable consumption and production. Ideally, the outcome of TNO research is intended to provide policy advice on industrial, innovation, energy, environment, cohesion, economic, and sustainability policies.The content of these papers reflects the output of original research tasks of TNO staff. It has been reviewed by the TNO editorial board. Nevertheless, the views expresses in these papers are those of the authors and not necessarily reflect the views of TNO, or any of its clients.The reader is encouraged to provide the authors with feedback, questions and/or constructive critics. Abstract:Innovation is currently seen as a cornerstone not only for economic development but also as an intrinsic human activity that could help to face the great challenges of human kind. Given the importance of innovation in the new European 2020 Strategy, measuring progress but also monitoring what drives innovation becomes crucial for policy development. Following upon this strategy the new European flag initiative "Innovation Union" called for a new "single" indicator on innovation. Currently the information infrastructure on innovation in Europe contains a number of indicators. Most of the current indicators at the national or sector levels use a performance theoretical framework based on an efficiency model of inputs and outputs. The last five editions of CIS have been a bastion of innovation policy research during the last decade. Despite this, CIS has been criticised for not having an umbrella framework that unifies its different underpinnings to explain what drives innovation to actual innovation and economic outcomes. In this paper we propose a framework that enables the theoretical and empirical linkages between the drivers of innovation to innovation performance via the integration of core features determining innovative behaviour in to a single composite. This index enables to assess the total propensity of firms to innovate and assess the relative innovation performance at the sector and country level. The approach adopted here to create the index overcomes long standing theoretical and methodological issues related to the reduction of complexity in a meaningful form, scope, aggregation, normalisation and validation of innovation composites. The empirical demonstration of the index was done using CIS4 data and the results validate the theoretical structure and robustness of the proposed model. This enables its replication for innovation policy analysis in different settings. The model underlying the proposed index provides not only a depiction of the efficiency of the innovation system but also a link to economic performance...
The study's objectives were to investigate the nexus of service quality and innovation in developing customer loyalty, with customer commitment and satisfaction as mediating. To address this issue, a quantitative investigation was carried out by a researcher in Pakistan. The primary study material was assembled through a survey questionnaire, with a sample population of approximately 369 individuals, which included Pakistani citizens who made online purchases. SEM (Hypotheses testing) showed a strong positive correlation between the variables service quality, service innovation, market orientation, customer commitment, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Limitations and future implications, as well as practical and theoretical implications, are discussed at the end of this paper.
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