The method is suitable for the synthesis of silyl formate and formamide derivatives.

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While metal phosphides have begun to attract attention as electrocatalysts, they remain underutilized in the field of liquid-phase molecular transformations. Herein, we describe a supported cobalt phosphide nanoalloy (nano-Co2P) that functions as a highly efficient, reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of furfural derivatives. The carbonyl moieties of several furfural derivatives were selectively hydrogenated to produce the desired products in high yields. In contrast to conventional nonprecious metal catalysts, nano-Co2P uniquely exhibited air stability, which enabled easy and safe handling and precluded the need for H2 pretreatment. Infrared and density functional theory studies revealed that the highly efficient hydrogenation is due to the favorable activation of the carbonyl moiety of furfural derivatives through the backdonation to its π* orbital from the Co d-electrons.

An efficient and sustainable d-sorbitol production viad-glucose hydrogenation was achieved over a hydrotalcite-supported nickel phosphide nanoparticle catalyst with stability, high activity and reusability.

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We report the catalytic conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates to methyl lactate using metal oxides. The combination of Lewis acid–base sites on γ-Al2O3 is superior to several amphoteric oxides for the production of methyl lactate from both dihydroxyacetone and glucose in methanol. The successful production of methyl lactate from glucose by γ-Al2O3 is attributed to high densities of both acid and base functionalities that are essential for the promotion of the stepwise reaction, which consists of isomerization, retro-aldol, and dehydration reactions.

In this report, we describe the stereoselective synthesis of a combinatorial library comprised of 16 deoxyhexasaccharides that are related to a landomycin A sugar moiety, based on an orthogonal deprotection strategy. The use of an olivosyl donor containing a benzyl ether at the C3 position and benzoyl ester at the C4 position, and the olivosyl donor, a naphthylmethyl ether, and a p-nitrobenzylethyl or benzyl sulfonyl ester enabled the synthesis of a set of four diolivosyl units containing a hydroxyl group at the C3 or C4 position by a simple glycosylation and deprotection procedure. Using a phenylthio 2,3,6-trideoxyglycoside, alpha-selective glycosidation proceeded without anomerization of the 2,6-dideoxy-beta-glycosides. In addition, alkylhydroquinone and levulinoyl groups were found to be an effective set of orthogonal protecting groups for the anomeric position and a hydroxyl group. The coupling of all combinations of trisaccharide units in a beta-selective manner was accomplished by activation of the glycosyl imidate with I(2) and Et(3)SiH. No cleavage of the acid-labile 2,3,6-trideoxyglycoside was observed under the conditions used for the reactions. Finally, all of the protected hexasaccharides were deprotected by hydrolysis of the esters, microwave (MW) assisted cleavage of the 2-trimethylsilylethoxymethoxy (SEM) ether, and a Birch reduction.