Novel
microencapsulated phase-change materials based on an n-eicosane core and calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
wall have been synthesized through a self-assembly method. The resultant
microcapsules presented rhombohedral and spherical morphologies when
the synthesis was performed at different concentrations of surfactant.
These two types of the n-eicosane microcapsules also
exhibited a well-defined core–shell structure. X-ray diffraction
patterns and Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that the
rhombohedral microcapsules achieved a calcite CaCO3 shell,
whereas the shell of spherical microcapsules were composed of the
vaterite CaCO3. The crystalline phase of the CaCO3 shell could be controlled by the concentration of surfactant, sodium
dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and a crystalline transition from calcite
to vaterite occurred when the synthesis was carried out at the surfactant
concentration of 3.0 mmol/L. The investigation of phase-change behaviors
demonstrated that the encapsulation of n-eicosane
enhanced its crystallinity in the α-form and thus led to an
increase in crystallization temperature. The spherical microcapsules
also exhibited higher encapsulation efficiency and energy-storage
efficiency than the rhombohedral ones. The thermal conductivity of
the n-eicosane microcapsules was significantly enhanced
due to the fabrication of a highly thermally conductive CaCO3 shell, and accordingly, the supercooling of n-eicosane
was suppressed. Considering the easy availability and low cost of
CaCO3, this synthetic technology is worthy extending to
the encapsulation of other PCMs with a CaCO3 shell, and
it also exhibits a good prospect in the industrial manufacture of
microencapsulated PCMs with inorganic shells.
Cadherin is an important cell-cell adhesion molecule, which mediates intercellular adhesion through calcium dependent affinity interaction. Cadherin-11 (CDH11, OB-cadherin) is a member of cadherin family, and its gene is situated on chromosome 16q22.1. Increasing lines of researches have proved that CDH11 plays important roles in the occurrence and development of a lot of diseases, such as tumors, arthritis and so on. CDH11 often leads to promoter methylation inactivation, which can induce cancer cell apoptosis, suppress cell motility and invasion, and can inhibit cancer through Wnt/β-catenin, AKT/Rho A and NF-κB signaling pathways. This review focused on the current knowledge of CDH11, including its function and mechanism in different diseases. In this article, we aimed to have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of CDH11 and to provide new ideas for the treatment of some diseases.
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