Background Andropause is a syndrome that occurs due to decreased androgen levels in men. Various aspects of health such as social well-being can affect andropause status during men's retirement. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of andropause symptoms and its relationship with social well-being among retired male nurses.Methods This preliminary cross-sectional study was conducted on 284 retired male nurses in Ardabil (northwest of Iran). The participants were selected through the census sampling method. Data were collected using a demographic information form, Male Andropause Symptoms Self-Assessment Questionnaire (MASSQ), and Social Well-Being Scale (SWBS). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22).Results The mean scores of MASSQ and SWBS were 57.24 (12.62) and 94.54 (12.77), respectively. There was a significantly inverse relationship between andropause and SWB status (p < 0.05). The subscales of SWB together with age, marital status, and spouse’s menopause could thus predict 53.1% of the variance of andropause probability.Conclusion Considering the predictive role of SWB and some background variables in andropause symptoms, further studies are required to find the main causes of this syndrome and provide efficient solutions for correcting its related factors.
Background & Aims: Pregnancy is a sensitive period in a woman's life that is affected by woman's sexual and behavioral activities due to anatomical and physiological changes caused by pregnancy. Insufficient information about sex during pregnancy leads to stress and unrest. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the pattern of sexual intercourse during pregnancy in the form of a systematic review study. Materials & Methods:In this systematic review study, initially Marital relationship pattern, sexual intercourse, pregnancy, sexual intercourse, pregnancy, sex, sexual function keywords and the English keywords: Marital relationship pattern, sexual intercourse, sexual intercourse in pregnancy, Marriages were searched in databases. Out of 59 articles, 21 articles related to the subject were finally included in the study based on the inclusion criteria. Results:The results of the data indicate that the sexual desire and function of pregnant women during pregnancy is unpredictable and there is a pattern of variability and instability in each trimester of pregnancy. The results of the studies showed that most of the couples in the first and third trimester reported a decrease in sexual intercourse while it increased in the second trimester. Conclusion:According to the results of previous studies, the rate of sexual intercourse in pregnancy has decreased significantly compared to before pregnancy. Effective measures can be taken to reduce sexual dysfunction in pregnancy with maximum ability in three areas of health, educational measures, and supportive measures.
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