Purpose
4-Hydroxyisophthalic acid (4-HIA) is a bioactive compound present in the roots of
Decalepis hamiltonii
, which has attracted considerable attention in attenuating oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative diseases. However, its efficacy is limited because of its low solubility and bioavailability. Therefore, the present study aimed to encapsulate 4-HIA using biocompatible copolymer polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and evaluate its antioxidant and neuroprotective potential.
Methods
The nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated by solid/oil/water (s/o/w) emulsion technique and characterized using XRD, SEM, HR-TEM, and FTIR spectroscopy. Antioxidant assays such as 1,1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide, and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability were performed to assess the antioxidant potential of the fabricated NPs.
Results
The bioactive component, 4-HIA, was efficiently encapsulated by the PLGA polymer and was found to be spherical and smooth with a size <10nm. 4-HIA showed better scavenging capability in DPPH and superoxide assays as compared to 4-HIA encapsulated PLGA and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). In contrast, 4-HIA encapsulated PLGA NPs exhibited a significant hydroxyl radical scavenging activity than 4-HIA and BHT alone. Further, the encapsulated NPs efficiently curtailed hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
)-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that 4-HIA encapsulated PLGA NPs might be a therapeutic intervention towards the effective management of oxidative stress as it has exhibited efficient neuroprotective potential against H
2
O
2
-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells.
Objectives: Cerium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by a rapid green method using an aqueous leaf extract of Bacopa monnieri to investigate its antioxidant activity. Methods: Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO 2 NPs) were synthesized using Bacopa monnieri leaf extract as a stabilizing agent by solution combustion method. Characterization techniques like FTIR, PXRD,SEM-EDAX, HR-TEM, UV-visible, and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the synthesized NPs. The antioxidant capacity was assessed by in vitro Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. Findings: The biosynthesized CeO 2 NPs possess tiny spherical shapes and sizes ranging from 5-50nm, and the average particle size is 27 nm as measured by HR-TEM. XRD and Raman confirm the nanoparticle's polycrystalline nature and face-centered cubic fluorite structure with maximum UV-visible absorbance at λ max 301.2nm. The biosynthesized CeO 2 NPs exhibited better scavenging activity than Vitamin C. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies must be warranted to explore its mechanism and therapeutic potential. Novelty: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report involving the green synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles using Bacopa monnieri leaf extract, which exhibited potent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity which can be a promising therapeutic candidate in oxidative stress-related disorders.
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