These results indicate that the CE and the active constituents have a topical anti-inflammatory effect and the possible mechanisms for the pharmacological effects are discussed.
Objective: To characterize the socioeconomic and clinical profi le of adult cancer patients in palliative therapy. Method: Cross-sectional study in an oncology hospital in Paraná, with 124 adult patients who started palliative therapy in the period from Jan. 2 to June 30, 2015. Results: Of the participating population, 60.5% were women, 68.5% white, 48.4% married, 72.6% catholic and with income of one to two minimum wages. Non-smokers, 45.2%, non-alcoholics 75%, and 92% had Performance Status 1 and 2. The predominant primary diagnosis was breast cancer, with previous chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The sites of metastasis were lung/mediastinum/bronchi and lymph nodes. Conclusion: The socioeconomic and clinical context characterized the profi le of adult patients in palliative therapy. The demand arising from the increase in cases of advanced cancer requires nursing care at all stages of treatment. Descriptors: Cancer; Socioeconomic Factors; Palliative Care; Oncology Nursing; Adult. RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar o perfi l socioeconômico e clínico dos pacientes oncológicos adultos na terapêutica paliativa. Método: estudo transversal realizado em um hospital de oncologia no Paraná, com 124 pacientes adultos que iniciaram a terapêutica paliativa no período 2 de janeiro a 30 de junho de 2015. Resultados: da população participante, 60,5% era do sexo feminino, 68,5% branca, 48,4% casada, 72,6% de religião católica e com renda de um a dois salários mínimos. Não tabagistas, 45,2%, 75% não etilistas, e 92% apresentam Performance Status 1 e 2. O diagnóstico do câncer primário prevalente foi mama, com tratamento prévio de quimioterapia e radioterapia. Os locais de metástase foram pulmão/mediastino/brônquios e linfonodos. Conclusão: o contexto socioeconômico e clínico apresentado caracterizou o perfi l dos pacientes adultos na terapêutica paliativa. A demanda que advém do aumento dos casos de câncer avançado requer a atenção da enfermagem em todas as fases do tratamento. Descritores: Câncer; Fatores Socioeconômicos; Tratamento Paliativo; Enfermagem Oncológica; Adulto. RESUMEN Objetivo: caracterizar el perfi l socioeconómico y clínico de los pacientes oncológicos adultos en la terapéutica paliativa. Método: estudio transversal realizado en un hospital de oncología en Paraná, Brasil, con 124 pacientes adultos que iniciaron la terapéutica paliativa desde el 2 de enero hasta el 30 de junio de 2015. Resultados: de la población participante, 60,5% era del sexo femenino; 68,5% blanca; 48,4% casada; y 72,6% de religión católica y con renda de un a dos salarios mínimos. No fumadores, 45,2%; 75% no alcohólicos; y 92% presentan Escala de Rendimiento de Karnofsky 1 y 2. El diagnóstico del cáncer primario prevalente fue de mama, con tratamiento previo de quimioterapia y radioterapia. Los locales de metástasis fueron pulmón/mediastino/bronquios y ganglios linfáticos. Conclusión: el contexto socioeconómico y clínico presentado caracterizó el perfi l de los pacientes adultos en la terapéutica paliativa. La demanda que resulta del aum...
This study investigated the antinociceptive effects of the ethanolic extract (EEMO) obtained from Magnolia ovata (A.St.-Hil.) Spreng and N-acetylxylopine (AXyl), a stable derivative of xylopine in different models of nociception. The EEMO and AXyl inhibited the nociception induced by acetic acid in mice, in a dose-dependent manner with a maximal inhibition of 91 ± 9% and 50 ± 11%, respectively. Oral administration of EEMO or AXyl also significantly inhibited the inflammatory phase of formalin-induced nociception with maximal reduction of 87 ± 3.9% and 71 ± 10%, respectively. Confirming the effectiveness of the extract and the isolated compound in inflammatory responses, EEMO or AXyl inhibited carrageenan-induced mechanical allodynia with percentage of inhibition of 40 ± 6% for EEMO and 82 ± 8% for AXyl. Intraplantar injection of AXyl in the ipsilateral paw, but not in the contralateral paw, also reduced carrageenan-induced mechanical allodynia in mice. The response of the animals for maximal doses tested of EEMO and AXyl in the hot-plate or rota-rod models were not altered. These results show that the extract from M. ovata and the stable derivative AXyl possess analgesic properties towards inflammatory pain acting on peripheral sites.
RESUMO | O asbesto é uma fibra mineral abundante na natureza, classificado como substância cancerígena desde 1987. Objetivouse identificar, na literatura científica, quais são as ocupações e atividades desenvolvidas por trabalhadores adoecidos e quais categorias seriam afetadas com doenças relacionadas ao asbesto. O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura realizada mediante a busca nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Web of Science e Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, sendo selecionados e avaliados 23 estudos publicados entre 2015 e 2020. As ocupações que demonstraram maior adoecimento pela exposição ao asbesto foram trabalhadores gerais de indústrias de asbesto (40%), mineradores (22%) e do setor têxtil (9%), seguidos por trabalhadores da indústria naval, do setor automotivo, carpinteiros, do setor de fabricação de bonecas, da construção civil, estofadores e trabalhadores que participaram do resgate, recuperação, limpeza e restauração do local do World Trade Center (4%). Entre as patologias associadas à exposição ao asbesto, a principal descrita é o mesotelioma maligno (43%). As evidências encontradas corroboram as informações preexistentes na literatura de que a exposição ao asbesto pode ser prejudicial à saúde. Ainda, ressalta-se a importância da utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual, a fim de evitar o desenvolvimento de doenças relacionadas ao asbesto. Palavras-chave | asbesto; ocupações; exposição ocupacional; saúde do trabalhador.ABSTRACT | Asbestos is a mineral fiber abundant in nature and classified as a carcinogen since 1987. The present study aimed to identify, in the scientific literature, what are the occupation and activities developed by sick workers and which categories would be affected with asbestos-related diseases. Through a literature review performed in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Web of Science, and Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library, 23 studies published from 2015 to 2020 were selected and evaluated. The occupations that showed greater illness due to exposure to asbestos were general asbestos workers (40%), miners (22%), and textile workers (9%), followed by naval, automotive, carpentry, doll-making, construction, and upholstery workers, as well as workers involved in the rescue, recovery, cleaning, and restoration of the World Trade Center (4%). Of the disease associated with exposure to asbestos, the most described is malignant mesothelioma (43%). Evidence found corroborate pre-existing information in the literature showing that exposure to asbestos may be harmful to health. Moreover, the importance of using personal protective equipment was emphasized, in order to prevent the development of asbestos-related diseases.
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