These findings demonstrate that age and tumor size are important factors in making a differential diagnosis. In addition, SCC and CEA levels should be measured in patients age 45 years or older who have an MCT-like ovarian tumor larger than 99 mm in greatest dimension.

Twenty-nine ovarian cancer patients with yolk sac tumors and germ cell tumors with yolk sac tissue as a component of their disease (16 endodermal sinus tumor, 11 mixed germ cell tumors, one embryonal carcinoma, and one polyembryoma) were treated with cytoreductive surgery and combination chemotherapy. Prognostic factors were investigated in this group. Patients with Stage I disease had a more favorable prognosis (P < 0.003) than those with Stages 11 and IV disease. The difference in prognosis was significant in cases where residual tumor was absent (P < 0.003) and in cases where ascites was either absent or less than 100 ml in volume (P < 0.05). Endodermal sinus tumor with either an intestinal (P < 0.05) or microcystic pattern (P < 0.01) was more common in survivors than in those who died. The age, preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein level, maximum tumor size, and tumor weight had no significant correlation with prognosis. In advanced cases, chemotherapy regimens including cisplatin gave better results than those containing vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (P < 0.05). The optimal treatment of yolk sac tumors or tumors with yolk sac tissue as a component of the ovary is discussed in light of these results.

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Background We evaluated the clinical features, treatment, and survival status of the patients with borderline ovarian tumors. Methods A retrospective review of the charts of 150 patients with borderline ovarian tumor registered at the Tokai Ovarian Tumor Study Group from January 1, 1980, to December 31, 1994, was conducted to obtain clinical and pathological information. Results In stage II and III disease, the numbers of patients with no residual tumor, residual tumor of <2 cm, 2–5 cm, and >5 cm were 9, 10, 3, and 3, respectively. The sizes of residual tumors and corresponding clinical response to chemotherapy were as follows: residual tumor of <2 cm, complete response (CR), 6 patients; no change (NC), 2; progressive disease (PD), 2; tumors 2–5 cm, NC, 1 patient, PD, 2; tumors >5 cm, PD, 3 patients. The survival for patients with residual tumor <2 cm was significantly better than for those with residual tumor from 2–5 cm and of >5 cm (P < 0.05). The survival for patients with stage II and III serous tumor was significantly longer than that for patients with stage II and III mucinous tumor (P < 0.05). Conclusion In advanced borderline ovarian tumor, the prognosis of patients with gross residual tumor after initial surgery, and especially with mucinous tumor, was poor. J. Surg. Oncol. 64:147–152. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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