This work presents a case study on fieldwork in a group home for the elderly with dementia using a teleoperated robot called Telenoid. We compared Telenoid-mediated and face-to-face conditions with three residents with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The result indicates that two of the three residents with moderate AD showed a positive reaction to Telenoid. Both became less nervous while communicating with Telenoid from the time they were first introduced to it. Moreover, they started to use more body gestures in the face-to-face condition and more physical interactions in the Telenoid-mediated condition. In this work, we present all the results and discuss the possibilities of using Telenoid as a tool to provide opportunities for seniors to communicate over the long term.

No abstract

Background: Limited data are available on caregiver burden for stroke and dementia patients. We examined the associations of prevalent stroke and dementia with family caregiver burden in Japanese general populations. Methods: A total of 916 Japanese home caregivers, whose family members were covered by long-term care insurance, responded to the caregiver burden questionnaire. The questionnaire included the caregiver’s age, sex and employment status, the patient-caregiver relationship, the patient‘s history of stroke, symptoms of dementia, care levels under long-term care insurance and the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview. Results: The mean total score from the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview was 12% higher in patients with stroke than in those without (p = 0.02) and 40% higher in those with dementia than in those without (p < 0.001). Compared with nonstroke patients without dementia, the mean total score was 21% higher in stroke patients without dementia (p = 0.01), 49% higher in nonstroke patients with dementia (p < 0.001) and 55% higher in stroke patients with dementia (p < 0.001). After adjustment for the caregiver’s age, sex and employment status, the patient-caregiver relationship, and the patient’s care level and community, the higher scores remained statistically significant for nonstroke patients with dementia and for stroke patients with dementia but not for stroke patients without dementia. Conclusions: Prevalent stroke and, more strongly, dementia were associated with increased family caregiver burden. Among patients with dementia, the presence of stroke did not enhance caregiver burden further.

Background:There are some existing barriers posed by neuropsychological tests that interfere with the assessment of cognitive functioning by staff who work in long-term care facilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of assessing cognitive function through conversation.Methods:A total of 100 care staff was randomly selected as participants. Each staff member evaluated cognitive function in one to three residents using the Conversational Assessment of Neurocognitive Dysfunction (CANDy), which is a screening test for dementia using conversation. Other scales used were the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer’ s Disease (BEHAVE-AD), and quality-of-life questionnaire for the elderly with dementia (QOL-D).Results:A total of 80 care staff members and 158 residents were analyzed. When the CANDy involved an evaluation based on face-to-face communication, it demonstrated significant correlations with the MMSE, BEHAVE-AD, and several indices of the QOL-D (e.g. negative affect and actions, communication ability, restless, and spontaneity and activity). In contrast, when the CANDy involved an evaluation based on an impression of a typical conversation, it only demonstrated significant relationships with the MMSE and the spontaneity and activity index of the QOL-D.Conclusions:Conversational assessment is a useful means to assess cognitive functioning and to promote interactions between residents and care staff in long-term care facilities.

Background There are various psychosocial support services for cancer patients in Japan; however, their utilization rate is lower than in Western countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the actual status of the utilization of such services and the related factors of their use, using the transtheoretical model. Methods We conducted an Internet survey of cancer outpatients. They were asked for information on their demographics, physical status and the usage of and intention to use psychosocial support services, and to answer the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results Data of 712 participants were analyzed; 111 had made use of psychosocial support services (15.6%). Participants who were younger, female, had breast cancer, experience with hormone therapy and did not have a good performance status (Karnofsky Performance Scale) more often used such services when comparing users/experiencers with non-users/inexperienced. Of the inexperienced, 538 were in the Precontemplation stage (89.5%), 62 were in the Contemplation stage (10.3%) and one was in the Preparation stage (0.2%). Approximately 35% of those in the Precontemplation stage would correspond to adjustment disorders or major depression. Conclusions We showed the degree of cancer patients who have used the psychosocial support services and its contents and revealed the factors related to the utilization of such services in Japan. Our study supports previous reports that cancer patients with high levels of distress do not necessarily seek support, and thus future studies should also examine other modifiable factors considering the medical settings.