Post-partum urinary retention is a common phenomenon that may be related to the process of parturition. Covert retention is a self-limiting phenomenon and specific treatment is unnecessary.

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Urinary dysfunction and its patterns appear to be as common and incapacitating in Hong Kong Chinese as they are in other populations.

Ketamine users with at least a 2-year habit of 3 or more hits per week have altered bladder function that can be recognized and that causes bother. These early functional changes have the potential to normalize after 1 year of ketamine abstinence. This study provides a basis for the development of health promotion material that can be used in the community by welfare workers seeking to encourage drug cessation.

To ascertain the condition of vesicouterine fistula, a search of the medical literature using the Ovid version (Ovid Technologies Inc., New York, USA) of Medline (1966-1997) was undertaken, using the keywords vesicouterine, vesico-uterine, uterovesico, and utero-vesico fistula. A search of the earlier medical literature was by cross-referencing and is likely to be less complete than the computerized database. Nonetheless, the authors believe the most relevant publications were cited. On reviewing the subject it was noticed that there had been a change in obstetric practice between the first and the latter half of this century, namely an increase in the incidence of cesarean deliveries. However, the literature contains relatively little information on pathophysiology, possibly owing to the relative rarity of the lesion. Emphasis has been given to the most recent 10 years (1987-1997) in order to update the etiology, diagnosis and management of this clinical condition.

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Postpartum urinary retention (PUR) is a common condition in obstetric units. It is also known as puerperal urinary retention (1) or insidious urinary retention after vaginal delivery (2). Despite its ubiquity, morbidity, and the distress brought on to postpartum women, PUR remains a poorly understood subject. Unlike urinary incontinence, female urinary retention in particular PUR, has not received much attention. Scientific publications on this subject are relatively sparse. In this review the scientific background, clinical significance, and management alternatives of PUR are discussed. Definition