Backgrounds The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been significantly growing in recent years. Although the pathophysiology of fibrosis progression in NAFLD is not yet known, oxidative stress and inflammation have been known to have a major role in the development of NASH. Understanding the impact of micronutrients in NAFLD could potentially help us better understand NAFLD pathogenesis. Aims Assessing the serum levels of Zn, Se, and Vitamin E and their relation to the development of hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD patients. Methods This study included 80 NAFLD patients and 40 healthy controls. All of the patients were subjected to abdominal ultrasound and FibroScan examination (to estimate hepatic fibrosis and steatosis degree), and the serum levels of Zn, Se, and vitamin E were evaluated. Results A statistically significant difference in the serum levels of Zn and Se was observed between the NAFLD group and the control group (P-value = 0.04 and 0.05, respectively). The serum levels of Zn and Se were independently related to the presence of hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD. However, serum vitamin E was not related to the severity of NAFLD. Furthermore, no significant difference in the levels of Zn, Se, and vitamin E was observed between the different groups of NAFLD patients categorized according to the degree of steatosis and the control group. Conclusions Reduced serum levels of Zn and Se can be considered a possible risk factor for hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD. Deficiency in these micronutrients could play a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor in females in almost all of countries with highest age-adjusted incidence in developed countries (73%) and includes the 23% of all types of cancers. World Health Organization (WHO) report shows that this prevalence rising 2% per year. As a matter of fact, BC is responsible for most of deaths due to cancer in women all over the world. According to surveys which were globally conducted, the overall rate of BC is higher in American and European women compared to the Asian, and it may be related to the life style of Asian population. Aim of the work: Aim of this work was to determine the diagnostic value of BRCA1 gene mutations in female patients with breast cancer, also to correlate them with the presence or absence of family history of breast cancer and to allow identification of individuals at high risk.Patients and Methods: The study was carried on fifty women, included twenty-five female patients with breast cancer presented to Medical Oncology Department at Sohag University Hospital from 2015 to 2017, their age ranged from (25-70 years). Patients were diagnosed by clinical examination and confirmed by mammography and surgical biopsies; fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) or core needle biopsy (CNB) and CA15-3. Other twenty-five women were healthy control not relatives to the patients. Results: Our study suggested that the prevalence of BRCA 1 mutations is lower in Sohag Conclusion: Also, the low percentage of the 185delAG mutation in BRCA1 in BC suggested that is insufficient to justify screening in the Egyptian population. Our study suggested that the prevalence of BRCA 1 mutations is lower in Sohag. So, complete BRCA 1 genes sequence analysis might be required for identification of specific mutation in Egyptian. .
Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a considerable percentage of chronic liver diseases worldwide. The liver is not the only organ affected by NAFLD but also affects other organs such as the cardiovascular system and the kidney. In recent decades, there has been a growing body of evidence linking NAFLD to kidney function. So, the current study aims to assess the percentage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in NAFLD patients and its link to different stages of hepatic fibrosis. Patients and Methods:A case-control study evaluated 62 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients and a control group of 38 volunteers with apparently healthy livers (normal echo pattern by ultrasound). All participants underwent serum creatinine measurement, albumin creatinine ratio in urine, calculation of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), abdominal ultrasound, and fibroScan examination. Results:The authors showed that the percentage of patients with chronic kidney diseases (patients with GFR less than 60 ml or micro-albuminuria) were significantly higher among NAFLD groups than in healthy controls. There was a significant positive correlation between the albumin creatinine ratio and subcutaneous fat thickness, BMI, and steatosis degrees. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the age of the patients had a significant negative correlation. In comparison, the eGFR and AST levels had a significant positive correlation. Conclusions: Our results showed that NAFLD substantially raises the risk of getting CKD.
Herbal medicine is an imperative portion of both traditional and modern medicines. Medicinal plants have been used in healthcare since time immemorial. This study evaluated the phytochemical constituents and allelopathic potentiality as well as the anticancer activity of Datura innoxia Mill. Plant extracts were prepared to carry out a phytochemical screening. D. innoxia contains alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, saponins and amino acids which are mainly responsible for the biochemical and pharmacological activity resulting in high antioxidant activity of the plant. Germination and growth bioassays were conducted on two important crops (Vicia faba and Triticum aestivum) as recipient species. D. innoxia exhibited a strong allelopathic potential suppressing the initial growth and several growth parameters of the two recipient plants. The study inspected cytotoxic effects using four carcinoma cell lines. Plant ethanolic extract showed high anticancer activity especially against MCF-7. This study demonstrated that D. innoxia has high antioxidant activity, valuable potentiality as an anticancer agent as well as herbicidal activity against harmful weeds.
Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is most common cancer site in women worldwide. The CA 15-3 is tumor associated antigen which detects soluble forms of MUC-1 protein. In normal breast tissue MUC-1 is expressed in the duct and acini, but with neoplastic transformation normal cell polarization and tissue architecture is disrupted leading to shedding of MUC-1 in the blood, where it can be measured by immunoassay. It is the most widely used serum marker in patients with BC. Its main use is for monitoring therapy in patients with metastatic disease. Aim of the work: Aim of this work was to detect the diagnostic value of CA 15-3 in female patients with BC. Patients and Methods: This study was carried on one hundred women, included fifty female patients with BC presented to Medical Oncology Department at Sohag University Hospital from 2015 to 2017, their age ranged from (25-70 years). Patients were diagnosed by clinical examination and confirmed by mammography and surgical biopsies; fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) or core needle biopsy (CNB) and CA15-3. Other fifty women were 25 healthy control not relatives to the patients and the other 25 were first degree relatives to the patients. Results: Our study suggested that CA 15-3 is abnormal in the majority of patients with breast cancer. Conclusion: Serum markers in BC are helpful for clinicians in providing more effective management of the disease. To this end, different markers have been proposed in the last years. In particular, MUC1 (CA 15-3) is the most widely used and investigated in the breast cancer follow-up period.
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