We conclude that the CTLA-4 gene appears to play a significant role in the development of SLE in the Japanese population.

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Decreased expression of the PD-1 gene in CD4(+) T cells may contribute to the development and/or maintenance of autoimmune T1D. As the population studied was small and heterogeneous, further studies are required to confirm the findings.

The amounts of GR isoform mRNA in leukemic blasts were closely correlated with sensitivity to glucocorticoid exposure. The mRNA expression pattern of GR isoforms at initial presentation may provide valuable information for prognosis in children with newly diagnosed ALL.

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) is known to be one of the main causes of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Of the secondary complications of HUS, colonic stricture is relatively rare. We herein report on a Japanese girl that demonstrated sigmoid colon stricture secondary to HUS caused by an infection of E. coli O-157. Severe HUS occurred after the E. coli O-157 infection, so hemodialysis was performed due to renal failure. However, 1 month after recovery from HUS, abdominal symptoms occurred. A contrast study in the colon revealed a sigmoid colon stricture. The stricture was operatively resected. Thereafter, her postoperative course was uneventful. We also review the occurrence of this complication secondary to HUS in the literature.

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