Fogwater chemistry has been observed at Mt. Oyama
abutting on the Kanto Plain in Japan. Many air
pollutants
are deposited via fog droplets, and the nitrogen
deposition
rate via fogwater is at the same level as that via
rainwater.
The fogwater concentrations depend on the air
pollutant
concentrations, liquid water content, and the fog base
altitude estimated from the meteorological data for the
mountain base. The air pollution dominating the concentrations of fogwater components can be estimated from
the sulfur dioxide concentration at the base of the
mountain.
The concentrations of fogwater components were
dominated by the absorbing rates of air pollutants into
the fog droplets and were not inversely proportional to
the
LWC. The concentration of fogwater can be estimated
approximately from the SO2 concentration at the
mountain
base, the fog base altitude, and the LWC measured for
the fogwater.
Decreased expression of the PD-1 gene in CD4(+) T cells may contribute to the development and/or maintenance of autoimmune T1D. As the population studied was small and heterogeneous, further studies are required to confirm the findings.
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like colitis is occasionally associated with glycogen storage disease-type 1b (GSD-1b). We describe a 17-year old boy with GSD-1b who developed an IBD-like colitis. Roentgenography and colonoscopy showed the lead-pipe appearance of the colon and circumferential ulcers. Histopathologic examination revealed nonspecific inflammation without granulomatous lesions. High-dose granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and sulfasalazine led to the resolution of the colitis, although neutropenia continued. Besides this case, 10 published cases of GSD-1b and IBD-like colitis were reviewed. All cases had severe neutropenia and/or neutrophil dysfunction. The mean onset of bowel disease was 12.3 years of age. Seven cases required surgical treatment. All five patients with G-CSF/GM-CSF therapy showed clinical remission. These findings suggest that IBD-like colitis is a grave complication of GSD-1b and that recurrent enteric infections due to neutrophil deficiency may contribute to the development of this bowel disease.
This paper introduces a new approach to measure the muon magnetic moment anomaly a µ = (g − 2)/2, and the muon electric dipole moment (EDM) d µ at the J-PARC muon facility. The goal of our experiment is to measure a µ and d µ using an independent method with a factor of 10 lower muon momentum, and a factor of 20 smaller diameter storage-ring solenoid compared with previous and ongoing muon g − 2 experiments with unprecedented quality of the storage magnetic field. Additional significant differences from the present experimental method include a factor of 1,000 smaller transverse emittance of the muon beam (reaccelerated thermal muon beam), its efficient vertical injection into the solenoid, and tracking each decay positron from muon decay to obtain its momentum vector. The precision goal for a µ is statistical uncertainty of 450 part per billion (ppb), similar to the present experimental uncertainty, and a systematic uncertainty less than 70 ppb. The goal for EDM is a sensitivity of 1.5 × 10 −21 e • cm.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.