Dyslipidemia over time leads to atherogenesis in both diabetics as well as prediabetics. The study aims to assess the correlation if any between the blood glucose levels [HbA1c] and the lipid cholesterol levels among the prediabetes group. Method: A total of 91780 cases were reviewed across India from the same group of laboratory across 7 years from Jan 2015 to May 2022. The lipid profiles and glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] were tested in all of them. The separation and quantification of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in EDTA whole blood was done on the Tosoh HLC-723 G8 glycohaemoglobin analyzer, an ion exchange HPLC instrument. Analysis of reports of lipid profile which includes triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol LDL cholesterol was done using enzymatic colorimetric test method on Roche analyzer. The prediabetes group was classified based on the HbA1c levels and the lipid profile levels were analysed among them. Results: The analysis showed percentage of prediabetes cases was 40.36%. Age group of >60 years had the maximum prediabetes cases (79.65%), whereas female group had slightly higher proportion prediabetics then males (62.09% VS 61.05%). Prediabetes group showed a significant association with borderline HDL (OR: 1.14, p value <0.0001), major risk HDL (OR: 1.33, p value <0.0001), desirable non HDL cholesterol (OR: 1.31, p value <0.0001), borderline high non HDL cholesterol (OR: 1.54 p value <0.0001), high non HDL cholesterol (OR: 1.60, p value <0.0001) and very high non HDL cholesterol (OR: 1.65, p value <0.0001). We also observed a significant association of borderline high triglycerides (OR: 1.22, p value <0.0001) and high triglycerides (OR: 1.89, p value <0.0001). High VLDL was also associated with pre diabetics (OR: 1.31, p value <0.0001). Conclusion: The study showed that most of the lipid profile parameters were higher in the prediabetes group as compared to the healthy non-diabetic group. The HDL levels were shown to be lower among the prediabetics as compared to the non-diabetics. A mandatory lipid profile screening among prediabetes patients will prevent further cardiovascular risk among them. Key words: Diabetes, prediabetes, glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c], dyslipidaemia, high density lipoprotein [ HDL], Low density lipoprotein [LDL], cholesterol
Introduction:-Calprotectin is calcium binding protein which is secreted by neutrophils & monocytes. It is found both in plasma & in stools. It is predominantly elevated in inammatory conditions such as inammatory bowel disease (IBD). To a certain extent, it is also elevated in infectious conditions & in polyposis. This study was conducted to evaluate diagnostic precision of fecal calprotectin in known inammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients A retrospect Method:- ive analysis of calprotectin, ASCA, cANCA, pANCA, Total WBC count, ESR, CRP was obtained in referral laboratory in Mumbai over a span of 4 years (2018-2022). Prevalence of raised Results:- calprotectin was signicantly seen in 13-18 years age group. (P<0.0001). Calprotectin showed a positive correlation with WBC count, CRP & ESR. There was no signicant association between calprotectin levels & gender. Fecal calprotectin can be used not only in research Conclusion:- but also in routine clinical practice in differentiating between patients with inammatory & non-inammatory bowel disease. Aims and Objectives: - 1. To study the prevalence of fecal calprotectin levels with respect to different age groups & gender in inammatory bowel disease patients. 2. To establish correlation of fecal calprotectin levels with ANCA, ASCA, Total WBC count, ESR &CRP
Non-neural granular cell tumour (PNNGCT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm of unknown lineage with prominent cytoplasmic granularity [1]. These tumors are more common in children and young adults, and commonly involve the back and extremities. A panel of immunostains is important to rule out other differential diagnoses. In contrast to conventional granular cell tumor (GCT), NNGCT lacks S100 expression, hence, NKI-C3 and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) stains can be particularly helpful in confirming the diagnosis. In addition, an underlying ALK gene rearrangement has been reported in a small subset of cases [2]. In general, most of these tumors appear to behave in a benign fashion, and conservative management is recommended. Our results demonstrate that NNGCT harbour ALK fusions, which suggests that NNGCT are molecularly diverse, and further substantiate NNGCT as distinct from GCT [3].
Background: Nucleic acid detection has potentially revolutionized diagnosis of tuberculosis and has established as a screening test of choice. However, conclusions on its role in diagnosing extrapulmonary infection and discordance between drug susceptibility reported through culture, Xpert MTB/ RIF, line probe assay require further review. Objectives were to compare positivity rate of Xpert MTB/RIF ULTRA across various sample types; compare drug susceptibility percentage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) across three platforms i.e., culture, Xpert MTB/RIF and LPAMethods: A retrospective analysis of results of samples was undertaken for a period of one year for Xpert MTB/RIF ultra and three years for LPA and susceptibility through MGIT.Results: Xpert MTB/ RIF Ultra showed overall positivity of 26%, with 10% rifampicin resistance; genitourinary sample positivity was 4%. First line LPA recorded 26% Rif resistance and very few Rifampicin indeterminates. Second line LPA revealed 5.4% aminoglycoside resistance and 26% fluoroquinolone resistance. Through MGIT Rif resistance was 18.2%, multidrug resistance 17.5%, isoniazid monoresistance 6.6%, FQ resistance 18.6%, MDR with FQ resistance 18.6%, amikacin resistance 4% and streptomycin resistance 18%.Conclusions: Xpert MTB/ RIF should be used as a test of choice for detection; Rifampicin resistance should be confirmed with LPA. However, for GUN, pleural fluid and GIT tissue samples; an additional culture should be attempted on the primary sample to improve detection rates. Drug resistance detected through LPA should be phenotyped especially for fluoroquinolones. Moxifloxacin and amikacin could be empirical antibiotics of choice over ofloxacin and Kanamycin due to lower resistance percentage recorded for them.
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