Fe 40 Al 24 O 36 (atomic ratio) nano-structured granular films were prepared by rf reactive sputtering, and the microstructure, electrical and magnetic properties as well as the tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) effect were studied systematically. It is found that the samples consist of small Fe particles with the diameter around 2-4 nm separated by an Al 2 O 3 dielectric matrix, and the conductance mechanism is thermally-activated tunnelling. The samples display superparamagnetic properties at room temperature. Considering the size distribution of metal particles, the magnetization and TMR curves can be fitted with the Langevin formula and the Inoue model quite well. TMR is caused by spin-dependent tunnelling, it is closely related to the structure and magnetic state of the samples. Under the optimal conditions, the TMR value reaches a maximum of 5.7% at room temperature under 1.6 T magnetic field.
Quantum key agreement (QKA) can generate a shared secret key which is equally negotiated by all the participants in the protocol. In most of the QKA protocols, all the participants require quantum capabilities. But the quantum devices are too expensive for participants. This paper proposes a mutual semi-quantum key agreement protocol which allows two parties (Alice and Bob) to negotiate a shared secret key equally. In the protocol, Alice can perform any quantum operation, but Bob is a classical participant which can only perform reflection, measurement and reorder operation. Even though Bob has fewer quantum resources, Alice and Bob have an equal contribution to the shared final key, no one can determine the shared key alone. In addition, we demonstrate the security of the proposed protocol. The analysis results show that the proposed protocol not only resists against some common attacks but also assures the fairness property. It is significant for communication participant without enough quantum devices to achieve quantum communication. The proposed protocol can be implemented with present quantum technologies.
With the guidance of sustainable development strategy, countries around the world poured to carry out the conception of circular economy into the strategy of protecting ecological environment. As an important mode of circular economy, Renewable Resource Industry increasingly draw every parts of worlds attention. However, the Renewable Resource Industry is a typical Institutional Economy, which needs the role of government as well as the market mechanism. However, Renewable Resources Industry is in the primary stage of development, whose policy system is not thorough and guiding concept is not clear. In this background, guided by the full life cycle theory and collaborative theory, starting from the features and realistic demand of Renewable Resources Industry, the authors structure an industrial synergy policy framework for Renewable Resources Industry, which including design policy, manufacturing policy, consumption policy, recycle policy, demands policy and government policy. The research findings provide us with systematic ideas and methods to make the Renewable Resources Industry policy.
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