Previous criticisms of comparative advantage theory have mainly stressed the inapplicability of its theoretical assumptions. This article focuses on the dilemma involved in using it as a guide to practical policy. Since its inception, comparative advantage theory has gradually split into two schools, representing two ways of thinking and two methodologies. Economic policy based on comparative advantage may succeed in the short run but fail in the long run, because the development model based on this approach has an inherent destructive mechanism.
Generally, the "intelligence" of the intelligent optimization algorithms is mainly dependent on the probability and operational rules. Thus there are always some probability equations or mathematical formulations that need to be updated. This paper proposes an algorithm model that needs no probability tuning. The algorithm designed according to the guiding principles and specific methods of benchmarking proposed in this paper is able to achieve the synergistic coexistence and automatic balance of exploration and exploitation, thus the population diversity will be kept during the running. The algorithm model proposed here is between engineering technology and cognitive philosophy, it is not just a specific algorithm, but a kind of general methodology and/or a mode of thinking. The successful application of some realistic issues, like distributed power generation optimization configuration, verified its applicability.
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