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The mismatch between supply and demand in the tourism and hospitality labor markets becomes increasingly serious in the past few years. The main reason for such a problem is that tourism and hospitality students are equipped with academic knowledge but lack VUCA skills. VUCA are the acronyms of volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. However, little research has explored the antecedent mechanism of tourism and hospitality students’ VUCA skills. Hence, the purpose of the present study is to clarify the leading factors that would enhance tourism and hospitality students’ perceived VUCA skills. This study collected data by distributing questionnaires to senior students majoring in tourism and hospitality management (THM) from five universities in China. The results show: First, students’ perceived the effectiveness of outcome-based education (PEOBE) has a significant effect on their perceived VUCA skills and self-concept including cognitive self-concept (CSC) and affective self-concept (ASC). Second, THM students’ CSC is positively related to their perceived VUCA skills. Finally, the relevance of ASC and students’ perceived VUCA skills was not significant. The present study further justified that PEOBE is the prepositive variable of THM students’ cognitive self-concept, supporting the linkage effect of “PEOBE → CSC → self-efficiency → perceived VUCA skills”. From the practical implications, this study focuses on OBE as the entry point to explore the antecedent mechanism of THM students’ perceived VUCA skills, supplying a basic formulation of educational reform policies for the administrative department of higher education around the world.

With the continuous improvement of information society and productivity, various emerging technologies are constantly emerging in the context of computers and big data. Among them, virtual reality technology and computeraided technology have become popular research topics today. Virtual reality technology utilizes computers to establish multidimensional three-dimensional models, achieving good results in communication and reorganization of various activities from dynamic environments and data numerical analysis. This article starts from the direction of terrain survey and modeling, and uses virtual reality technology to analyze the three-dimensional structure of surface models. Using 3D mathematical modeling to build the basic features of terrain, and combining virtual reality technology to optimize the real-time display and resolution of massive data in 3D modeling. Apply virtual reality technology and computer-aided tool CAD together in the process of graphic generation and rendering. Establish an irregular three-dimensional mathematical hierarchy, generate a continuous, multi resolution visualization model, and achieve the function of dynamically transmitting terrain and landforms. Using numerical simulation 3D visualization method, using ANSYS software for numerical analysis and transmission. The ultimate goal is to build a three-dimensional visualization scene while providing users with an interactive experience. The research results indicate that virtual reality technology and computer-aided CAD tools are effective and practical in the research process of terrain 3D mathematical modeling and visualization. The numerical features also demonstrate strong interactivity and intuitiveness, which has certain promotional value.

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