As a promising surface treatment technique, low‐temperature plasma (LTP) technology has been widely used over the past two decades. Herein, the surface modification of carbon materials using LTP treatment is reviewed to clarify the modification effects. First, the basic details of LTP treatment are summarized. Second, the surface morphology, pore structure, surface chemistry, adsorption performance, and catalytic characteristics of LTP‐treated carbon materials are reviewed. Finally, the research required to further develop LTP technology for the surface modification of carbon materials is discussed. This review will contribute toward advancing the application of LTP‐treated carbon materials in environmental pollution control.
Coffee shells, which are abundant in cellulose and lignin, are good raw materials to prepare activated carbon. In this paper, coffee shells were selected as raw materials for activated carbon preparation by KOH chemical activation. Influence of carbonization temperature on adsorption capacity of water vapor over activated carbon was researched. Thermogravimetric analysis was employed to select the scope of carbonization temperature. Activation energies of coffee shells pyrolyzed at different heating rates were calculated. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were adopted to characterize the activated carbon. And water vapor adsorption isotherms were simulated by the finite simplification model of Do-Do adsorption model. The results show that activation energies of coffee shells pyrolysis process with heating rates of 5, 10 and 20 K/min are 17.21, 18.01 and 57.52 kJ/mol, respectively. The optimal carbonization temperature of coffee shells is 923 K. The adsorption amount of water vapor can reach about 702.3 mg/g under experiment temperature of 298 K and relative humidity of 70%. The highest total pore volume and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area are 1.41 cm3/g and 2817 m2/g, respectively. The simulation results of the finite simplification model are consistent well with water vapor adsorption experiment results. The results show that activated carbon prepared at the optimal condition would be the potential candidate for solar drying system.
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