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Dual-modality-imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) exhibits great potential in the field of diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we report a controllable method (atom-transfer radical polymerization) for the preparation of gadolinium(III)-complex-grafted lead sulfide (GCGLS) nanoparticles. A series of characterizations (such as TEM, HR-TEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, etc.) prove that GCGLS nanoparticles have been successfully prepared. The GCGLS nanoparticles with ultrasmall sizes (ca. 11 nm) have quite strong photoabsorption intensity in the near-infrared (NIR) region because of a low S vacancy concentration of lead sulfide. As the addition amount of gadolinium(III) complexes increases, the sizes of the GCGLS nanoparticles show no evidence of changing. The temperature of the GCGLS nanoparticle solution can quickly elevate to 57.5 °C in 10 min after NIR laser irradiation (1.5 W cm −2 ) at 808 nm; this result reveals that it possesses high photothermal conversion efficiency (∼31%). When the GCGLS nanoparticles are injected into the mice, it is clearly observed that there is efficient accumulation in the tumor site. Moreover, the GCGLS nanoparticles also show excellent prominent X-ray computer tomography (CT) and T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance (T 1 -MR) imaging in vitro/vivo. By the combination of GCGLS and NIR laser irradiation, an effective tumor treatment experiment is conducted in mice. Therefore, the prepared GCGLS nanoparticles with dual-modality-imaging-guided PTT can be used as potential diagnosis and treatment reagents for clinical applications.

Linear friction welding of dissimilar titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) and Ti-6?5Al-3?5Mo-1?5Zr-0?3Si (TC11) was achieved. Microstructural examination showed that the joint has a clearly identified weld zone and a thermomechanically affected zone on both TC4 and TC11 sides with a clearly identified weld line. In the weld zone of TC4, superfine a grains are dispersed in the b matrix, while in that of TC11, a few recrystallised a grains are observed along the b boundaries. In the thermomechanically affected zone of TC4, both deformed and recrystallised grains exist in the same area, while that of TC11 has a deformed azb structure. The tensile strength of the joint is comparable to that of the parent TC4 where fracture occurs. The joint microhardness is well related to its microstructure.

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In the present study, mechanical behaviour of three types of rocks has been investigated under uniaxial compression. The stress–strain responses of the tested rocks are composed of four regions: the compaction stage; elastic stage; strain hardening stage and strain softening stage. The elastic modulus and uniaxial compressive strength increase in order from the result of the coal to the mudstone and then to the sandstone, while the Poisson ratio shows a reverse order. In coal and mudstone, volumetric dilation behaviour vanishes gradually with an increase in damage degree, while it remains stable in the sandstone where the strain hardening behaviour is less obvious. Regarding acoustic emission (AE) characteristics, AE hit and AE energy show a similar evolutionary trend in the loading process. A sudden increase in AE energy is accompanied with drastic drop or local fluctuation in the load-bearing capacity of the rock while AE hit fails in predicting such variation in the load-bearing capacity. A quiet stage of AE signal prior to the peak stress is captured, which can be taken as a precursor for rock failure. Failure pattern of the coal, mudstone and sandstone varies from shear faulting to tension-shear mixed fracturing and then to axial splitting, which is in good accordance with that deduced from AE location analysis.