Development of multifunctional
diagnosis and treatment reagents
is very meaningful in clinical application. Herein, we developed a
polydopamine-based (PDA-based) tumor targeted multifunctional reagent
by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) strategy.
First, the targeted PDA nanoparticles were prepared via combining
with folic acid (FA) and dopamine. Then ATRP technology was used to
graft the europium(III) complexes onto PDA surface (defined as FEDA).
A series of detections revealed that the FEDA nanoparticles had been
successfully prepared and exhibited a bright X-ray computer tomography
(CT) and photoluminescence (PL) dual-mode imaging efficiency and an
excellent photothermal therapy (PTT) effect in vivo/in vitro.
Dual-modality-imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) exhibits great potential in the field of diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we report a controllable method (atom-transfer radical polymerization) for the preparation of gadolinium(III)-complex-grafted lead sulfide (GCGLS) nanoparticles. A series of characterizations (such as TEM, HR-TEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, etc.) prove that GCGLS nanoparticles have been successfully prepared. The GCGLS nanoparticles with ultrasmall sizes (ca. 11 nm) have quite strong photoabsorption intensity in the near-infrared (NIR) region because of a low S vacancy concentration of lead sulfide. As the addition amount of gadolinium(III) complexes increases, the sizes of the GCGLS nanoparticles show no evidence of changing. The temperature of the GCGLS nanoparticle solution can quickly elevate to 57.5 °C in 10 min after NIR laser irradiation (1.5 W cm −2 ) at 808 nm; this result reveals that it possesses high photothermal conversion efficiency (∼31%). When the GCGLS nanoparticles are injected into the mice, it is clearly observed that there is efficient accumulation in the tumor site. Moreover, the GCGLS nanoparticles also show excellent prominent X-ray computer tomography (CT) and T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance (T 1 -MR) imaging in vitro/vivo. By the combination of GCGLS and NIR laser irradiation, an effective tumor treatment experiment is conducted in mice. Therefore, the prepared GCGLS nanoparticles with dual-modality-imaging-guided PTT can be used as potential diagnosis and treatment reagents for clinical applications.
Dual-porosity hollow carbon spheres (DPHCs) with small mesopores (2-4 nm) and large through-holes (20-30 nm) in shells were successfully synthesized using colloidal silica as the template, small silica nanoparticles as nanomasks, and nontoxic dopamine as the carbon precursor followed by post-carbonization and etching. The synthesized DPHCs were further oxidized to be hydrophilic and then used to simultaneously deliver the protein bovine serum albumin (21 × 4 × 14 nm) and the small molecule doxorubicin (<1 nm), which exhibited a high loading capacity of 689.4 and 1421.2 mg/g, respectively. The release of these two guest molecules can be controlled independently under the stimuli of heat and acidity. In vitro and in vivo experiments also proved that the DPHCs are promising for the co-delivery of multiple cargoes of different sizes.
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