Objective. To systematically evaluate the differences in intestinal flora before and after menopause. To provide a possible mechanism for perimenopausal syndrome and provide a basis for probiotics as adjuvant therapy. Methods. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched. The included studies were case-control studies. Results. Three case-control studies were included, with a total of 156 people. At the phylum level, there were no differences between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. At the genus level, the relative abundances of A. odoratum and B. cholerae were higher in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women, with no differences among other genera. The Shannon diversity index increased after menopause, but no differences were found. Only one study found a positive association of estradiol with Gammaproteobacteria and Myxococcales and a negative association with Prevotellaceae. Conclusions. On the basis of previous studies, it was found that there was no significant difference at the phylum level between postmenopausal women and premenopausal women, but Odoribacter and Bilophila increased at the genus level in postmenopausal women. The class of Gammaproteobacteria may be positively correlated with estradiol. Limited by the number of included studies, more high-quality clinical studies are needed for validation.
a b s t r a c tIn this paper, operator-based robust nonlinear control design scheme and fault detection technique using robust right coprime factorization approach are considered for a Peltier actuated thermal process. The Peltier actuated thermal process is a typical nonlinear control affine system, where the process temperature depends not only on input current, but also on the square of the input current. In addition, the real system is likely to contain a fault signal owing to various factors. As a result, it is difficult to stabilize the control system and to achieve high accurate control performance, and to detect the fault signal to guarantee the engineering safety when a fault occurs. In this paper, for pursuing robust stability and tracking performance of the nonlinear closed-loop control system, a design scheme of operator-based robust tracking control system is proposed by using robust right coprime factorization approach. Then, for the tracking operator control system, a fault detection design technique based on robust right coprime factorization approach is also investigated. Finally, simulation and experimental results are given to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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