Cotton production makes an important contribution to the income of rural residents and the economy in Xinjiang province, which leads other provinces in terms of planted area, total production, and average yield of cotton in China. This study analyzed the competitiveness of cotton production in the study area using the efficiency advantage index (EAI), scale advantage index (SAI), and aggregated advantage index (AAI). Moreover, the factors influencing the productivity of cotton have been investigated by the use of ridge regression and correlation matrix using a dataset for the period 2005 to 2018. The results showed that cotton production had a large comparative advantage in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2018. The average of efficiency advantage index (EAI), scale advantage index (SAI), and aggregated advantage index (AAI) are 1.50, 12.96, and 4.35, respectively. Overall, Xinjiang cotton production has a higher planting scale advantage and productivity. By using ridge regression to calculate the impact of cotton production on agricultural output value in Xinjiang, the results showed that total cotton production, fiscal expenditure on agricultural support, total agricultural machinery power, and fertilizer use had significant positive effects, whereas cotton sown area, average cotton yield, and the proportion of affected area by insects and diseases had negative impact agricultural output value. The study implies the need for a implementing a well-thought and empirically backed plan to support cotton production based on comparative advantage for a specific area, building a cotton production standard system, reducing the cost of cotton production, and building a cotton risk-protection system to protect the interests of cotton farmers and promote the sustainable development of the cotton industry.
Taylor-Couette-Poiseuille (TCP) flow dominates the inner water-cooling circulation of canned motor reactor coolant pumps. Current research on TCP flow focuses on torque behaviors and flow regime transitions through experiments and simulations. However, research on axial flow resistance in a large Reynolds number turbulent state is not sufficient, especially for the various flow patterns. This study is devoted to investigating the influence of annular flow on the axial flow resistance of liquid in the coaxial cylinders of the stator and rotor in canned motor reactor coolant pumps, and predicting the coolant flow distribution between the upper coil cooling loop and lower bearing lubricating loop for safe operation. The axial flow resistance, coupled with the annular rotation, is experimentally investigated at a flow rate with an axial Reynolds number, Re a , from 2.6 × 10 3 to 6.0 × 10 3 and rotational Reynolds number, Re t , from 1.6 × 10 4 to 4.0 × 10 4. It is revealed that the axial flow frictional coefficient varies against the axial flow rate in linear relation sets with logarithmic coordinates, which shift up when the flow has a higher Re t. Further examination of the axial flow resistance, with the Re a extending to 3.5 × 10 5 and Re t up to 1.6 × 10 5 , by simulation shows gentle variation rates in the axial flow frictional coefficients against the Re a. The relation curves with different Re t values converge when the Re a exceeds 3.5 × 10 5. A prediction model for TCP flow consisting of a polygonal approximation with logarithmic coordinates is developed to estimate the axial flow resistance against different axial and rotational Reynolds numbers for the evaluation of heat and mass transfer during transition states and the engineering design of the canned motor chamber structure.
The aldimines (I), prepared from aromatic aldehydes and amino acid esters, are coupled with the αβ‐unsaturated carboxylates or nitriles (II) under phase transfer conditions to form the Michael type adducts (III).
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