A controllable and reversible phase transformation between CsCu₂I₃ and Cs₃Cu₂I₅ is employed to fabricate electroluminescent WLEDs for the first time.

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Smart contact lenses have emerged as novel wearable devices. Due to their multifunctional biosensing capabilities and highly integrated performance, they provide a great platform for the diagnosis of eye diseases and the delivery of drugs. Herein, a brief history of the development of contact lenses is given. Then, the state‐of‐the‐art design and fabrication of smart contact lenses for biomedical applications, including contact lens materials, fabrication technologies, and integration, are presented. Furthermore, biosensors implemented in contact lenses to measure lactic acid, glucose, intraocular pressure, and other key metabolites in tears are highlighted. Applications of smart contact lenses in drug delivery are also described. These unique features make smart contact lenses promising diagnostic and treatment devices. Challenges and future opportunities for further applications of smart contact lenses in biomedicine are also discussed.

Recently, ionic liquids were verified to be combustible instead of nonflammable; the contrary was thought to be true due their extremely low vapor pressure. Flash point is one of the most important variables used to characterize the fire and explosion hazards of liquids. Because of extremely low vapor pressure and decomposition at elevated temperatures, the reason for ionic liquids to be combustible should be different from that of traditionally defined liquids. The flash point of ionic liquids in relation to their decomposition was investigated in this study by the estimation of vapor pressure and by use of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and flash point analyzer apparatus. The ionic liquids 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate () and 1-butyl-3methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Bmim][NTf 2 ]), were selected as test examples. Results revealed that the flammability of ionic liquids was mainly attributed to the decomposition of the ionic liquids generating flammable substances instead of themselves vaporizing, as do traditionally defined combustible/flammable liquids. Lyon's method, applied by Fox et al. to estimate the flash point of ionic liquids from the TGA decomposition temperature, was assessed using our experimental data and the data from the published literature and resulted in substantial overestimation of the flash-point values of ionic liquids, which underestimates the fire and explosion hazards of ionic liquids. This deviation is attributed to flash-point values of ionic liquids located in the second temperature range of the TGA tracing, rather than in the third analogue, as predicted by Lyon's method.

The ZSM-5(Z5) was synergistically modified by leaching agent HF (0.5 mol/L) and metallic Pt (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1 wt %) to prepare the bifunctional hierarchical Pt-FZ5 for enhancing light aromatic products by catalytic reforming of volatiles from cellulose pyrolysis. The results show that HF reduced the acidity and significantly increased the mesopores through the original pore enlargement, promoting uniform dispersion of metal Pt (outer and inner channels) and mass transfer of reactants with products. In addition, the metal Pt was mainly combined with Brønsted acid sites which promoted the cleavage of initial volatiles to produce more light aromatics rather than coke deposition. The Pt-FZ5 exhibited the highest aromatic yield of 30.3% with a high aromatic selectivity in bio-oil of 80.5% when the Pt loading is 0.2 wt % owing to its rich mesoporous (2−9 nm) and appropriate acidity. Meanwhile, the coke deposition of Pt-FZ5 was significantly inhibited.