Background: The placenta is a functional unit between the mother and the fetus. Placental coefficient is a method to correlate the weight of a baby and the placenta. Any pathological events that concern the mother and the fetus tend to influence the normal function of the placenta as revealed in different studies by many authors. Aim:The aim of the study was to examine and assess placental coefficient of the normal placenta and also in pathological conditions which included diabetes mellitus, anaemia and hypertension. Materials and Methods: The freshly delivered placentas for this study were obtained from department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Tribhuvan Hospital Teaching Hospital. The study was conducted on a total of 100 freshly obtained placenta, out of them, 15 were from diabetic mothers, 15 from anaemic mothers and 15 from hypertensive mothers. The placental coefficient was obtained by dividing placental weight in grams by birth weight in grams. Results: The mean weight of placenta was 546.9 ± of 81.38 gm. The mean neonatal weight was 3.00±0.4kg. The result shows statistically significant difference between weight of placenta (p=0.001) and placental coefficient (p=0.001) of anemic and non-anemic mothers. Similarly statistically significant difference was obtained between weight of placenta (P=0.003) and neonatal weight in diabetic (P=0.016) and non diabetic. Statistically significant difference was not observed in hypertensive and normotensive placenta. Conclusion: Findings of the study shows the assessment of placenta very much essential as normal pregnancies can also show significant placental changes. Systemic illness alters the placental morphology and adequate treatment of systemic illness may therefore be necessary to normal placental function.
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