Objective: This study aimed to determine the repeatability and reproducibility of a topographic system for evaluating the spine in students. Methods: Thirty-seven students participated in this study. Participants were positioned with their backs facing the system, in orthostatic posture, with bare backs. The spinous processes of the seventh cervical vertebra (C7) and second sacral vertebra (S2), and the right and left posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) were marked. Each student was evaluated five times, once on the first day and four times on the second day. The following variables were used for evaluation: kyphosis angle, lordosis angle, trunk length, and anterior and lateral perturbations. SPSS 17.0 (IBM, Armont, NY, USA) was used for performing statistical analyses, which included descriptive analysis, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and one-way ANOVA, with a significance level of 0.05. Results: topographic system showed excellent values, and a positive correlation was observed with reference to the ICC of reproducibility and repeatability for all analyzed variables. Conclusion: These results show that this system can be used to diagnose postural changes, and to estimate thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis angles. It can also be used for providing additional information on the positioning of the surface of the back.

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A aprendizagem de Ciências requer que o estudante consiga abstrair conceitos, compreender processos e imaginar situações. Por isso, o ensino tradicional pode ser moroso e cansativo, fazendo com que o professor necessite adotar métodos que cativem a atenção do escolar e o envolvam com o conteúdo. Além do modo tradicional de ensino são necessárias abordagens complementares para uma aprendizagem mais eficiente. Uma das metodologias que se mostra eficaz é a aplicação da ludicidade. Contudo, os professores nem sempre dispõem de tempo para elaborar atividades lúdicas. Assim, é proveitoso para docentes de Ciências ter acesso rápido a jogos e brincadeiras já relacionados aos conteúdos da disciplina, o que economiza seu tempo e incentiva o uso desses recursos na sala de aula. Este livro tem como objetivo incentivar e facilitar o uso de jogos, brincadeiras e dinâmicas nas aulas de Ciências no Ensino Fundamental. Além disso, oferecer ao professor alternativas recreativas com potencial didático que tornem o ensino fluido e significativo.

Eating disorders, characterized by abnormal eating behaviors, are among a wide variety of psychiatric conditions that mainly affect children and adolescents. These disorders have a multifactorial origin and can be associated with restrictive diets, negative feelings, harmful family relationships, and post-traumatic stress. Thus, this study’s objective was to evaluate the association between indicators of eating disorders and family and school contexts in Brazilian adolescents who previously experienced sexual abuse and examine the findings based on sex. National School Health Survey data were utilized. Among 102,301 students between 11 and 19 years of age, 4124 reported having experienced sexual abuse and were included in this study. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess participants’ health status and the presence of risk behaviors, which were examined through multivariate analysis using a Poisson regression model. The results indicated positive relationships between self-induced vomiting, laxative misuse, and other purgative methods and infrequent meals with family, hunger, and the presence of violence in students’ daily lives, regardless of sex (p < 0.05). In addition, body dissatisfaction and negative feelings about one’s body were associated with having been bullied or teased by schoolmates for both sexes (p < 0.05). Distant relationships with parents were associated with purgative methods and body dissatisfaction among female students (p < 0.05). In conclusion, body dissatisfaction, negative feelings about one’s body, laxative misuse, self-induced vomiting, and purgative methods were found to be associated with factors in family and school contexts such as hunger, infrequent meals with family, family violence, distant relationships with parents, and bullying at school in adolescents who have previously experienced sexual abuse.

Background: Adolescence is the period when postural changes occur, as it is a phase when the body develops and grows. It is also the most appropriate time to evaluate and detect postural problems, and preventive measures may help to avoid these possible changes. However, studies evaluating the postural changes in this age group are lacking. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis changes in the spine of 9th grade students at a state military school in Goiás, Brazil. Methods: A total of 113 students (54 boys and 59 girls) participated in the study. A radiation-free three-dimensional scanning system was used to evaluate the students’ spine. The equipment emits a light on the participants’ back and uses its topography to automatically calculate asymmetries. Results: The prevalence of increased thoracic kyphosis was 14%, increased lumbar lordosis 2% and 72% straightening of the curvature of the lumbar lordosis. Thoracic kyphosis was reported by 9% of male students and 19% of female students. Students of both sexes had increased lumbar lordosis (2%). Females had a higher prevalence of rectified lumbar lordosis (59%) than males (11%). Conclusion: The prevalence of postural changes, especially lumbar lordosis, was very high in the elementary students.

This study aimed to identify the prevalence of scoliosis and back pain in students enrolled in the 9 th grade in a military police school in the State of Goiás.[Methods] A total of 113 students participated in the study, aged between 14 and 16 years. Palpatory methods were used to identify the main points that were marked with stickers highlighting the C7 and S2 vertebrae and the posterior superior iliac spine, which allowed obtaining information about the patient's back using the reports from the Vert 3D topographic system. The parameters presented were compared with the data from the questionnaire administered to the schoolchildren after they were examined. [Results] Among 113 students, 7% exhibited scoliosis. Additionally, 63.3% of boys and 87.3% of girls complained of back pain. The variables used in the statistical analyses investigated the relationship between the presence of pain and scoliosis. [Conclusion] This study