Background: As orthopaedic implants are being increasingly used, managing the implantassociated infections has become a challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacteriological profile with antibiotic susceptibility patterns and biofilm detection in orthopaedic implant-associated infections. Study Design: Cross-sectional prospective.
Place and Duration of Study:The study was conducted in the department of Microbiology and Orthopaedics, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (J&K) India, a tertiary care institute from August 2014 to February 2016. Methods: The study was conducted on 100 patients having orthopaedic implant infections.
Introduction: Multidrug resistant bacteria is causing a very serious problem in the proper treatment and management of sick patients in ICU's. Study aimed to find out antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from tracheal culture. Material and methods: This study was carried over a period of 6 months from July to December 2017 in the department of microbiology. Total of 470 tracheal aspirates were studied. Each specimen was streaked on 5% sheep blood agar and MacConkey agar. After isolation and identification, sensitivity of selected organisms against different antibiotics was studied Results: Out of 470 tracheal aspirates, 328 samples showed single bacterial growth, 76 were sterile; contaminants were grown in 58 samples and in remaining 8 samples yeast were grown. The incidence of positivity in our study was 83.8%, with gram negative bacteria outnumbering the gram positive ones. Of the 328 samples which showed bacterial growth, Acinetobacter spp 159(40.3) was the most common organism followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 72(18.2), Pseudomonas spp 46(11.6), Escherichia coli 27(6.8), Staphylococcus aureus 13(3.2), Klebsiella oxytoca 5(1.26), Enterococcus spp 3(0.76), Proteus spp, Citrobacter spp, Providencia stuartii 1(0.25) each. Also XDR (extensively drug resistant) bacteria were isolated at a high frequency (67%) with Acinetobacter spp. being the most common 128(56.6)) followed by Klebsiella spp. 39(17.2) Pseudomonas spp. 38(16.8), and E.coli 12(5.3). Conclusion: Gram negative were main organisms responsible for lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized patients and the majority of the isolates belong to XDR and MDR category.
Aim: Despite improvements on immunosuppressive therapy and surgical techniques, infections remain important complication in renal transplant and have been associated with increased morbidity and graft rejection. Role of microbiological cultures in isolating bacteria and formulating their antibiogram has potential benefits with regards to targeted therapy for MDR bacteria. No such study has been conducted previously from this region so we designed this study to find out the organisms causing infections in renal transplant patients and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted over a period of 1 year from 2016 to 2017. All samples were sent from Kidney Transplant Unit (KTU) for culture and sensitivity irrespective of duration of post renal transplant. Qualitative culture of other infected body fluids was performed on blood agar, MacConkey agar plate (Hi media, India). Positive cultures were processed for antimicrobial susceptibility testing on Mueller-Hinton agar plates, using the Kirby-
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