The study was conducted with the objective of comparing the toxicity and the effect of the combination of intra and extracellular cryoprotectants in curimba Prochilodus lineatus sperm cells subjected to cryopreservation. Semen from 19 males were analyzed and diluted in four solutions comprise of intra and extracellular cryoprotectants in the following combinations: methanol+lactose, methanol+egg yolk, DMSO+lactose and DMSO+egg yolk. A portion of the diluted semen was frozen while the remaining fraction was kept in repose and evaluated after 10 min. For freezing, the diluted samples were packaged in 0.50 mL straws and placed into liquid nitrogen vapor for 24 h and, after this time, submerged into liquid nitrogen for 10 days. The combination of DMSO+lactose was less toxic to the diluted semen, resulting in higher motility rates and durations when compared to the other treatments. After thawing, the highest motility rate and duration were obtained using lactose as extracellular cryoprotectant, regardless of its combination. There was no significant difference between treatments when analyzing sperm morphology after thawing. Considering the effects of the tested treatments, the use of lactose as an extracellular cryoprotectant added with DMSO or methanol is the most suitable, since these combinations presented the highest motility rates and durations and low morphological change rate after thawing.Keywords: genetic preservation; cryobiology; sperm analysis; freezing protocol; toxicity; curimba CRIOPRESERVAÇÃO DO SÊMEN DO Prochilodus lineatus: EFEITO DA COMBINAÇÃO DE CRIOPROTETORES RESUMOO estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de comparar a toxicidade e o efeito da combinação de crioprotetoresintra e extracelulares em espermatozóides de curimba Prochilodus lineatus submetidos à criopreservação. O sêmen de 19 machos foi analisado e diluído em quatro soluções com crioprotetores intra e extracelulares nas seguintes combinações: metanol+lactose, metanol+gema de ovo, DMSO+lactose e DMSO+gema de ovo. Uma porção do sêmen diluído foi congelada enquanto que a fração remanescente foi mantida em repouso e avaliada após 10 min. Para o congelamento, as amostras diluídas foram envasadas em palhetas de 0,50 mL e colocadas em vapor de nitrogênio líquido durante 24 h e, após este tempo, submersas em nitrogênio líquido durante 10 dias. A combinação de DMSO+lactose se mostrou menos tóxica para o sêmen diluído, resultando em taxas mais elevadas de motilidade e duração espermática quando comparadas com os outros tratamentos. Após descongelamento, as maiores taxas de motilidade e duração foram obtidas usando lactose como crioprotector extracelular, independentemente da sua combinação. Não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos ao analisar a morfologia espermática após a descongemento. Considerando-se os efeitos dos tratamentos utilizados, o uso de lactose como crioprotector extracelular, adicionada ao DMSO ou metanol, é o mais adequado, uma vez que estas combinações apresentaram maiores taxas de motilidade e duração espe...

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Objective. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different light/ dark cycles and light intensity during behavioral tests of learning and working memory in Swiss mice. Method. Fifty-seven Swiss mice were kept in a housing room in either a 12:12h light/dark cycle (LD), con­stant light (LL), or constant darkness (DD). The animals were then tested in Lashley maze and Object recognition task under either 500 or 0 lux illumination, resulting in six treatments (LD-500, LD-0, LL- 500, LL-0, DD-500, and DD-0). Results. There were no significant differences between the conditions of light/dark, or between tests at 500 and 0 lux. Animals kept in constant darkness and tested at 0 lux (DD-0) had learning and working memory impaired, as demon­strated by slower learning in Lashley III maze, and no object recogni­tion in Object recognition task. Conclusion. Continuous darkness throughout the experiment affected the learning and working mem­ory of Swiss mice.

The objective of this work was to determine the effect of photoperiod on the cannibalism, growth, and body composition of giant trahira (Hoplias intermedius) juveniles. A completely randomized design was employed, with four photoperiods - 0L:24D, 6L:18D, 12L:12D, and 18L:6D, hours of light (L): dark (D) - and four replicates, for a period of 90 days. The analyzed parameters were: cannibalism, growth in weight and length, food consumption, feed conversion, protein efficiency rate, muscle growth, and body composition (moisture, lipid, ash, and crude protein). Fish from the 12L:12D photoperiod showed the highest survival rate and no cannibalism, as well as a great uniformity for length and mass values at the end of the experiment. The best photoperiod for giant trahira juveniles is 12L:12D, as these fish showed growth uniformity and no cannibalism, while fish from the 6L:18D and 18L:6D groups had a greater diameter of white muscle fibers and a higher frequency of greater diameter fibers. Giant trahira showed the lowest value for lipids at 6L:18D and the highest value at 12L:12D. Photoperiod affects survival and cannibalism; regarding body composition, only lipids are influenced by photoperiod.

Objetivo: Conhecer a ótica do enfermeiro atuante na Estratégia de Saúde Família na esfera da prevenção do câncer de colo do útero. Método: Pesquisa quanti e qualitativa, envolvendo 13 enfermeiros das Estratégias de Saúde da Família de um município do interior do estado de São Paulo e um de Minas Gerais. Os dados quantitativos foram tabulados no Excel, e os qualitativos analisados pelo software Iramuteq, além da abordagem temática de Minayo. Resultado: Organizado de acordo com sua frequência, agrupado em uma nuvem de palavras e dividido em 4 categorias. Conclusão: O Papanicolau e vacinação contra o HPV são importantes pilares da prevenção do câncer de colo uterino, porém as mulheres demostram resistência em aderir ao exame, principalmente devido a fatores como o medo, desconhecimento e vergonha. A importância do rastreamento deve ser constantemente pautada na comunidade pelo enfermeiro e sua equipe.