Jasminum sambac (L.) is a South Asian folkloric medicinal plant that has traditionally been used to treat cardiovascular problems. The current investigation was meticulously organized to explore the pharmacological foundation for the medicinal uses of J. sambac pertaining to cardiovascular ailments and to investigate the core mechanisms. Mechanistic investigation revealed that crude leaf extract of J. sambac produced ex-vivo vasorelaxant effects in endotheliumintact aorta ring preparation and hypotensive effect was recorded via pressure and force transducers coupled to the Power Lab Data Acquisition System. Moreover; J. sambac showed cardioprotective effects against adrenaline -induced left ventricular hypertrophy in rabbits observed hemodynamic. CK-MB, LDH, troponin, CRP, ALT, AST, ALP levels were shown to be lower in the myocardial infarction model, as were necrosis, oedema, and inflammatory cell recruitment in comparison to control. J. sambac has shown good antioxidant potential as well as prolonged the noradrenaline induced platelet adhesion. The vasorelaxant and cardioprotective effects in both in vivo and ex vivo experiments, which are enabled by activation of muscarinic receptor and/or releasing the nitric oxide and by reducing the adrenaline, induced oxidative stress, justifying its usage in cardiovascular disorders.
Aim: The present study was planned to investigate the possible antipyretic activity of methanolic leaves extract of Rumex vesicarius against various protocols of experimentally induced pyrexia in rabbits.Materials and Methods: Ninety healthy adult albino rabbits were divided into three groups (A, B, C), 30 rabbits in each group. Pyrexia was induced by three different protocols, i.e. boiled milk (0.5 ml/kg body weight, intra-peritonealy), Brewer's yeast (10 ml/kg, subcutenously) and D-amphetamine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), to the groups A, B and C respectively. Each group was further subdivided into five sub groups (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) each having 6 animals. Sub group-1 served as positive control group; sub group-2 was treated with aspirin (10 mg/kg, orally) standard antipyretic agent; sub group-3, 4 and 5 were treated orally with methanolic leaves extract of Rumex vesicarius at dose rate of 80, 120 and 160 mg/kg body weight respectively. The hypothermic effect was observed at different time intervals in each protocol.Results: Rumex vesicarius L. significantly (p<0.05) lowered the elevated temperature in all scenarios. Maximum antipyretic effect was observed at 3h of post induction pyrexia in group A and at 4h after pyrexia in the groups B and C. Moreover, the antipyretic effect was concentration dependent and comparable to the standard aspirin at higher doses. Conclusion:The leaves of Rumex vesicarius have the antipyretic action in dose dependent manner, based upon this scientific validation, the claims of the local communities are true. The exact mode of action of this plant is still not clear, however, a single or a number of bioactive compounds of the plant may be responsible for its antipyretic activity.
Background: Multiple blood transfusions are the mainstay of thalassemic patients in order to combat the severe anemia. These frequent blood transfusions result in the excessive iron deposition, leading to multiple injuries to a variety of organs in the body. In response to these injuries, the levels of various enzymes are disturbed. The whole phenomena usually involve the interrelation of one parameter with some other. The present study aimed to estimate the levels of serum ferritin and hepatic enzymes and to find out any possible correlation between them in thalassemic patients receiving multiple blood transfusions. Methods: A total number of 90 thalassemic patients of both sexes ranging from 10-15 years, receiving multiple blood transfusions were included in the present study. Blood samples from all the patients were withdrawn and analyzed for the values of serum ferritin, hemoglobin and hepatic enzymes (serum alanine transaminase, serum aspartate transaminase, serum alkaline phosphatase). Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to observe correlation between serum ferritin level and hepatic enzymes. A P value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The overall values of serum ferritin, and hepatic enzymes (serum Alanine Transaminase, serum Aspartate Transaminase, serum Alkaline Phosphatase) were remarkably increased than their normal values. However, hemoglobin level was considerably decreased in thalassemic patients. A weak positive insignificant correlation was observed between serum ferritin with hepatic enzymes and hemoglobin in thalassemic patients. Conclusion: Multiple blood transfusions cause iron overload in the body, which in turn, lead to increased serum ferritin levels in thalassemic patients. High levels of hepatic enzymes are somewhat correlated to serum ferritin concentration. However, the exact reason of elevated levels is still unclear. Further detailed studies should be conducted in order to identify the exact mechanism behind this and to search for the promising correlations of various parameters in thalassemic patients receiving multiple blood transfusions.
4 was shown by 5 antibiotics and degree 3 was shown by 9 antibiotics after Network Pharmacology analysis. DFT calculations for the antibiotics with a cut-off of degree 3 revealed antibiotic ertapenem with lowest band gap energy, suggesting the highest reactivity. Ertapenem also showed greater LibDock score than the standard antimalarial drugs artemisinin and chloroquine. The binding of ertapenem with its best binding target Plasmodium dUTPase was validated as stable binding by molecular dynamic simulation. Conclusion:The present in silico study shows that the broad spectrum antibiotic ertapenem is a potential inhibitor of multiple Plasmodium proteins viz. dUTPase, Oxidised Thioredoxin Reductase and Falcipain-2 with good binding affinity. Molecular dynamics of ertapenem and its best binding protein dUTPase shows the stable binding of the complex. Hence, present findings may help future studies in the development of potential multi-targeting next generation anti-malarial lead compounds.
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