This review synthesizes what is known about the characteristics and leadership style of university librari ans and academic library directors. It is the leadership of the library that determines whether a philosophy and vision are articulated and to what extent they are implemented . Leadership influences a library's ef fectiveness, institutional role, and adaptability. Publications on recruitment, leadership potential identifica tion, career development, roles and responsibilities, and characteristics and management style were in cluded.
Libraries are affected by discontinuous change caused by the type and rapidity of technological innovations. By examining the theories of structuration, diffusion of innovation, and contingency, change in libraries can be better understood, thus easing its adoption and assimilation. There is a need to reconceptualize libraries.
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