A critical situation pushes human behaviour towards different directions with some aspects of behaviour being irrevocable. COVID-19 pandemic is not a normal crisis, and to control the spread of disease various measures were taken including complete and then partial lockdown. Since all elements of the economy are intricately interrelated with public health measures and lockdown, this resulted in economic instabilities of the nations hinting towards change in market dynamics. In every market, consumers are the drivers of the market competitiveness, growth and economic integration. With economic instability, consumers are also experiencing a transformation in behaviour, though how much of transformation experienced during the crisis will sustain is a question. This article looks at the consumer behaviour during COVID-19 crisis and in the subsequent lockdown period when the world stood still for more than a quarter of a year. Further, the article attempts to weave through the maze of literature available about consumer behaviour in normal times and in crisis times, strengthens it with the rapid assessment reports culled out by the different consulting organisations during lockdown phase, substantiates the same with first-hand telling and retelling of experiences by consumers and professionals with marketing background to bring up a hypothesis of the pandemic affecting a paradigm shift from consumer materialism to consumer spiritualism. The proposition offers further testable hypotheses for future research to understand consumer sentiments or requirement in buying ‘what is enough’ within the marketing context and how it can be reinforced post-COVID crisis for ensuring sustainability of business models. It would also be interesting to explore the correlates of this forced consumer behaviour with other variables such as learning from crisis, changing needs, personality, nationality, culture, new market segment and age to develop new models of consumer behaviour.

Objective To test the hypothesis that women with high serum beta-HCG levels in early pregnancy are at higher risk of developing PIH. Methods Serum beta-HCG estimation was done by CLIA method in 200 women between 13 and 20 weeks of gestation, selected randomly for this study from July 2008 to Aug 2009. Multiple of median (MOM) was calculated from charts of norms available for that week of pregnancy. They were followed till delivery for development of PIH and pregnancy outcome and results analysed statistically with Chi-square test and Z test. Results Out of 200 cases, 178 (89 %) were finally evaluated. Of whom 22 (12.36 %) cases developed PIH. Beta HCG levels were considered raised if the levels were [2MOM.20 (83.33 %) out of 24 cases with beta HCG levels [2MOM developed PIH against 2 (1.2 %) cases out of 154 having beta HCG levels B2 MOM (P value\0.001).Also, higher levels of beta HCG are associated with increased severity of PIH (P value \0.01). The sensitivity was 90.91 %, specificity was 97.44 % and positive predictive value was 83.33 %. Conclusion The study concluded that the serum beta HCG estimation at mid trimester (13-20 weeks) is a good predictor of PIH and higher levels of beta HCG are associated with increased severity of PIH.

Satisfaction has been shown to predict important health-related behaviour, such as adhering to treatment recommendations and maintaining continuity of care. The study resulted in two self-designed standardised questionnaires which were used to evaluate service quality and patient satisfaction. The study has yielded three factors of service quality namely promptness, medical aid and patient interest for service quality and amenities, clinical services and physical services. The study explains that service quality and patient satisfaction are more strongly associated with adherence and continuity of visit; when service quality and patient satisfaction were placed in the regression model, they are positively associated. The findings suggest that service quality and satisfaction level of the patients will be important for improving the outcomes in health care settings.

Kaposi's sarcoma is a multi-focal vascular tumor involving skin and the other organs. HIV associated Kaposi's sarcoma is one of the AIDS defining condition. It is rarely reported from India. We report a 40-year-old heterosexual married male with widespread cutaneous lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma without any oral lesions or systemic association as a presenting manifestation of HIV.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by antibodies directed against small- and moderate-sized vessels. While there are few reported cases of autoimmune illnesses associated with influenza vaccination, two cases of de-novo anti-proteinase (PR3) ANCA-associated pauci immune glomerulonephritis are reported after the mRNA-1273 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Here, we report the third case of ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis after the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine. Our patient presented with acute kidney injury and sub-nephrotic proteinuria four days after receiving the second dose of the COVID vaccine. He was found to have elevated c-ANCA and anti-PR3 antibodies. Renal biopsy confirmed focal necrotizing and diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis. He was diagnosed with pauci immune glomerulonephritis. The patient achieved remission 10 weeks after the diagnosis with successful treatment.

Background:Topical corticosteroids (TC) are one of the most widely used agents in dermatology practice. Misuse of these agents may lead to a wide range of adverse effects.Aim:This study was conducted to assess the magnitude of abuse of topical corticosteroids (TC) and clinical patterns of cutaneous adverse effects amongst patients attending dermatology department of a teaching hospital at South Rajasthan.Materials and Methods:All patients who reported with adverse effects of topical steroids during one year from September 2015 to August 2016 were evaluated. Patients fulfilling the study criteria were registered for further workup.Results:Out of the 85280 new patients, 370 (0.43%) presented with adverse effects of TC. Males (232/370;62.70%) outnumbered females (138/370;37.30). Age group 11-30 years was most commonly (74.05%) affected. The main reason for using TC was fungal infection (52.43%). Tinea incognito (49.46%) and acne (30.27%) were the most common adverse effects recorded.Conclusions:Abuse of TC, particularly the superpotent and potent is rampant amongst general population. Topical corticosteroids are frequently used for indications where they should be avoided.

<p style="margin-bottom: 0.14in; line-height: 115%;" align="justify"><span lang="en-US">Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80–85% of all lung cancer cases. The majority of patients present with advanced disease. Adenocarcinoma of the lung forms one of the major histopathological subtypes of metastatic NSCLC. A</span><span> </span><span lang="en-US">70-year-old male was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma right lung with clinical staging of cT</span><span class="Subscript CharOverride-1" lang="en-US">2</span><span lang="en-US">N</span><span class="Subscript CharOverride-1" lang="en-US">0</span><span lang="en-US">M</span><span class="Subscript CharOverride-1" lang="en-US">0 </span><span lang="en-US">in 2012. Patient was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy with 4</span><span> cycle</span><span lang="en-US">s of vinorelbine and cisplatin followed by image guided radiation therapy that was completed in November 2012. The patient was started on gefitinib in Jan 2014 till January 2015 due to recurrence and progression and was subsequently switched to erlotinib as the gefitinib was becoming ineffective. However, the patient developed toxicity leading to diarrhea, and the patient had to discontinue erlotinib. In view of poor general condition of the patient (ECOG performance status 4), and progression post gefitinib and erlotinib he was deemed unfit for chemotherapy and it was decided to start the patient on afatinib 40</span><span> mg</span><span lang="en-US"> once a day in July 2015, to which the patient responded. The patient showed significant improvement on afatinib. The response though partial and incomplete was substantial and further improvement was very much expected unfortunately the patient succumbed to a lower respiratory tract infection in November 2015.</span></p>

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