Nd3+, Y3+: SrF2 transparent ceramics were successfully synthesized by two methods: hot-forming and hot-pressing techniques. The mechanical properties and optical properties of the hot-formed Nd3+, Y3+: SrF2 transparent ceramics were much better than that of single crystal. On the other hand, the transmittance of the hot-formed transparent ceramics with different deformation rate reached up to 90% at 1054 nm, which is superior to the hot-pressed ceramics. Furthermore, the fracture toughness of hot-formed Nd3+, Y3+: SrF2 transparent ceramics with the deformation rate of 51% reached up to 0.70 MPa m1/2, which is nearly 1.5 times higher than that of as-grown single crystal. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the hot-formed ceramic is larger than that of the single crystal at 1053 nm under continuous-wave (CW) laser operation. The thermal conductivity of Nd3+, Y3+: SrF2 single crystal and hot-formed ceramics were also discussed.
Semitransparent and homogeneous bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) thin films with (001) preferred orientation were synthesized on polycrystalline Sn:In 2 O 3 -glass substrates by mist chemical vapor deposition. The films showed photocathodic activity even under near-ultraviolet light within the band gap due to the in-gap states induced by oxygen vacancies. Higher synthesis temperatures resulted in a significant increase of photocurrent density under ultraviolet light. While the longer lifetime of photocarriers led to an increase of internal quantum efficiency, the larger band-edge absorption significantly contributed to the higher external quantum efficiency.
Compressive creep behavior of a Mg-Al alloy containing a small amount of Nd and Gd (Mg-6Al-1Nd-1.5Gd) was investigated at temperatures from 150 °C to 200 °C under a constant applied stress of 90 MPa, and its microstructure before and after creep testing was compared. Results showed that steady-state creep rate of the alloy was only 1.946 × 10−8 /s at 150 °C, and was increased by four times and almost one order of magnitude at 175 °C and 200 °C, respectively. The microstructure of the alloy mainly consists of α-Mg, β-Mg17Al12 phases, and Al2RE phases, which were distributed both in dendrites of α-Mg and at grain boundaries originally. After creep for 120 h, more Al2RE phases were aggregated at grain boundaries. The continuous β-Mg17Al12 phase turned into dispersed dot-like or blocky particles. As the test temperature increased, the number of dislocation lines gradually increased due to the increase of creep strain. Meanwhile, dislocation tangle and dislocation pile-ups occurred near grain boundaries. However, obvious slip traces and slip lines appeared inside α-Mg dendrites at 175 °C and 200 °C, respectively, indicating that 〈c + a〉 non-basal slip system was activated, creep resistance decreased dramatically.
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