Environment friendly composites with favorable mechanical properties and low water absorption performance were successfully produced from poly(lactic acid) (PLA), office waste paper fiber (OWF), and coupling agents. The perfect sample was easily manufactured by melting–blending and injection molding. The PLA/OWF composites were comparable with other PLA/plant fiber composites, and the results indicated that the PLA/OWF composites show better performance than PLA/wheat straw fiber composites and PLA/bamboo fiber composites. On this basis, influence of modification of OWF on the properties of composites was investigated. The infrared results show that the OWF modification by different coupling agents was successful, and the scanning electron microscopy indicates that prepared composites exhibit good interfacial compatibility due to preferable binding force between fiber and matrix. With addition of 2 wt% γ‐(2,3‐propylene oxides)propyl trimethylsilane, the composite exhibits high tensile strength of 58.96 MPa, reflecting increase of 14% than the pure PLA. According to the crystallization and melting performance table, OWF can act as nucleating agent to promote the crystallization properties on composites, while the coupling agents have little effect on thermal stability. This article confirmed that the OWF has appropriate properties and is suitable for preparing composite materials and this work provides a novel idea for the utilization of office waste paper.
Digital printing waste paper fiber/nano-crystalline cellulose/poly (lactic acid) (DPF/NCC/PLA) composites, modified through γ-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane (KH570), isopropyl tri (dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate (TMC201), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), and a composite silane coupling agent (KH570/PEG6000), were fabricated by melt blending and injection molding and the effects of different modifiers on the properties of composites were studied. Results showed that mechanical properties of the modified composites generally improved, and the best mechanical properties, including flexural, tensile and impact strength, were achieved PEG6000, KH570/PEG6000, and KH570 modification, respectively. Thermal performance analysis showed improved thermal properties of composites treated by KH570, but the crystallinity of the modified materials was increased. Both water absorption and degradation properties showed a decreasing trend, and water absorption performance was obviously improved after KH570/PEG6000 modification. Under the action of several modifiers, the diffusion coefficient, thermodynamic solubility and permeability of composites were reduced to varying degrees. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that interfacial adhesion and composite compatibility were improved with significantly fewer and smaller pores, as well as a fuzzy boundary among the three phases.
Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was prepared from office waste paper (OWP) by sulfuric acid hydrolysis method in this paper and it was used to prepare a series of poly (lactic acid) PLA/NCC composites by using a dissolution method in solvent N, N-dimethylformamide solution. The results indicated that with
Digital printing waste paper fiber/nano-crystalline cellulose/poly (lactic acid) (DPF/NCC/PLA) composites, modified through γ-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane (KH570), isopropyl tri (dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate (TMC201), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), and a composite silane coupling agent (KH570/PEG6000), were fabricated by melt blending and injection molding and the effects of different modifiers on the properties of composites were studied. Results showed that mechanical properties of the modified composites generally improved, and the best mechanical properties, including flexural, tensile and impact strength, were achieved PEG6000, KH570/PEG6000, and KH570 modification, respectively. Thermal performance analysis showed improved thermal properties of composites treated by KH570, but the crystallinity of the modified materials was increased. Both water absorption and degradation properties showed a decreasing trend, and water absorption performance was obviously improved after KH570/PEG6000 modification. Under the action of several modifiers, the diffusion coefficient, thermodynamic solubility and permeability of composites were reduced to varying degrees. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that interfacial adhesion and composite compatibility were improved with significantly fewer and smaller pores, as well as a fuzzy boundary among the three phases.
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