The ZrW2O8 family of materials has been shown to display the unusual property of an isotropic bulk contraction in volume with the rising of temperature. They have a number of potential applications, for example, they would be widely used in composite material and solid electrolyte based on its characteristic of negative thermal expansion and ionic conductive property. In this paper, an Al3+,V5+ double substitute negative thermal expansion (NTE) solid solution Zr1-xAlxMoW1-yVyO8 was synthesized by co-precipitation method. The phase composition, the micromorphology and the thermal expansion coefficient were obtained by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and thermal mechanical analyzer (TMA), respectively. The results show that the sample’s density rises with the increasing of the content of V5+, while, its porosity declines. The thermal expansion coefficients of the samples are between -3.0~4.0×10-6 K-1, it indicates that their negative thermal expansion behavior is a little lower than that of ZrMoWO8. And the experiment also shows that these samples have displayed a fine behavior of heat shock resistance.
This paper describes a pilot process for the comprehensive utilization of coal refuse. During the process, alumina was first extracted from coal refuse, the residue was then used to calcine cement clinker, and all of the waste gases and water were recovered and re-used in the process of alumina extraction. During the first process, the appropriate temperature regimen and temperature distribution were determined based on laboratory results in a tunnel kiln, and were optimized during the pilot process. The most important step of the temperature regimen is the increasing rate within the temperature range of 500–600°C. And the last determined temperature regimen is suitable to be used in the other industrial kiln when the other processes are applied for the extraction of alumina from coal refuse. The extraction rate for alumina has also been investigated in the pilot tests, and it is a bit lower than those obtained in the laboratory tests. Two methods were used for the calcination of cement clinker. The clinker calcined directly from the adjusted residue could be used for applications with low strength demands, whereas the clinker calcined from the residue and the raw materials of the Portland cement clinker could be used normally.
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