The article contains analysis of perspectives of cell technologies use in the therapy of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently there are no effective ways to diagnose this disease at early stage. Late diagnostics of AD and weak understanding of its mechanisms complicate clinical tactics leaving in fact palliative (symptomatic) treatment as the only available option. Authors propose a combination of the traditional methods of treatment with newly developed cell therapy technologies. Stem cells (SC) implantation is the basis for recovery of functional activity of neural networks in the regions affected by neurodegeneration. Based upon conducted experimental studies and analysis of scientific literature, the authors recommend to use the technique of the intranasal perineural application of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Following the administration into the submucosa of nasal cavity, SC migrate along the olfactory nerve to the brain promoting a reparative effect, particularly attributed to the excretion of neurotrophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)).
Diabetic wound is the most dreadful complication of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in musculoskeletal system of human being. Diabetic wound healing is considerably challenging due to the poor ability of tissue regeneration in diabetic patients. Here we reported a case study of tissue engineering therapy on unhealed wound in the back of young female DM patient. We decided to not do any surgery treatment. We did standard wound therapy with combination tissue engineering therapy. The tissue engineering treatment will be using Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Stem Cells (PBMNCs), Cord Blood Mononuclear Stem Cells (CBMNCs), Collagen, and Plasma Ri ch Platelets (PRP). To develop a PRP preparation, blood must first be drawn from patient and put it in PRP tube. The platelets are separated from other blood cells and enriched by centrifugation. CBMNCs were isolated from human placenta blood (donor) which is collected during delivery process, the PBMNCs were isolated from patient's blood and they were extracted with Ficoll gradient. PRP and MNCs was applied topically and subcutaneously to the wound. We gave collagen every week, PBMNCs at week 4, CBMNCs at week 6 and PRP at week 8. We did tissue engineering therapy for 8 weeks and the result showed perfect wound healing without complication. In conclusion tissue engineering therapy using MNCs stem cell, PRP and collagen could treat successfully unhealed diabetic wound.
Background: Neuro destructive processes of any etiology are related to problematic and socially important diseases due to ineffective therapeutic strategy and need to search for new successful ways of treatment and rehabilitation of patient with cerebral infarctions and brain attacks Aims: Authors plant overify hypothesis on viability of additional use of perineural implantation of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in order to optimize standard therapy of patients with brain attacks. Such combined technology is aim datextra activation of brain plasticity mechanisms during development of neuro destructive processes. Methods: The technique of MSC perineural migration to injured brain regions was experimentally verified on rats (n=40) paying attention to somatotopic organization of cranial nerves. This technique was clinically tested in pilot project. Phenotyping of autologous MSC from adipose tissue (AT) was performed in 23 patients with brain attacks. These 23 patients received standard treatment as per international guidelines together with three perineural implantations of autologous MSC from AT with 5-9days intervals. The other group of patients (n=7) received only standard therapy as per international guidelines. Results: Additional use of cell therapy resulted in more rapid and effective recovery of disordered neurological functions in all cases compared to those who received standard therapy. The phenomenon of abrupt recovery of neurological functions was established during first 24hours after each injection of autologous MSC. Cumulative recovery of functions progressed after each implantation. Discussion and conclusion: Experimentally developed technique of perineural implantation of autologous MSC was successfully verified in clinical conditions in accordance with certified cell therapy guideline (The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus) in combination with standard treatment of patients with cerebral infarctions. Cell therapy with autologous MSC from AT by means of perineural delivery to injured brain regions is the basis for activation of reparative potential of nerve tissue and progressive recovery of neurological functions in patients with cerebral infarctions.
Betulin is a pentacyclic triterpene alcohol with a lupane skeleton and is known to possess a broad range of biological activities, including antiinflammatory, anti-viral and anti-cancer actions. Betulin contains primary and secondary hydroxyls that are situated in different steric environments and shows different activities. The literature concerning the pharmacological properties, the resource and isolation of betulin, the chemical synthesis of betulin and its derivatives, the biotransformation of betulin was reviewed and it will prepare for the further studies such as the structure-activity research (SAR), the pharmacological and toxicologic study.
Current therapy of stroke patients is not effective enough. 1 Most of these patients experience performance decrement for a long period. 1,2 This speaks for the need of new medical techniques development. Cell technologies represent a perspective direction due to activation of endogenous reparative processes. 3,4 Central migration and somatotopic distribution of MSCs in damaged brain areas after MSCs application to peripheral branches of cranial nerves was experimentally proved. 5-7 For example, MSCs are revealed in damaged regions of anterior cranial fossa (namely, olfactory bulbs) after their submucosal application at superior nasal concha. 8-10 And in contrast, application of MSCs to Meckel's cave (Gasser's node, trigeminal nerve) or perineural parts of vagus is followed by migration of cells to damaged nuclei in posterior cranial fossa. 8,9 ©2019 Yuri et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.
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