Controlling cucumber Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC) with Bacillus strains is a hot research topic. However, the molecular mechanism of Bacillus underlying the biocontrol of cucumber wilt is rarely reported. In this study, B. subtilis strain Z-14 showed significant antagonistic activity against FOC, and the control effect reached 88.46% via pot experiment. Microscopic observations showed that strain Z-14 induced the expansion and breakage of FOC hyphae. The cell wall thickness was uneven, and the organelle structure was degraded. The combined analysis of metabolome and transcriptome showed that strain Z-14 inhibited the FOC infection by inhibiting the synthesis of cell wall and cell membrane, energy metabolism, and amino acid synthesis of FOC mycelium, inhibiting the clearance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the secretion of cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs), thereby affecting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction and inhibiting the transport function.

The phytopathogen Pantoea agglomerans belongs to the Bacteria, Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacterales, Erwiniaceae in species classification. It causes disease symptoms in many plants such as corn, banana, and walnut. This study aimed to report the complete genome of P. agglomerans CHTF15, which represents the first whole-genome sequence of an isolate from diseased walnut leaves. The total length of the assembled genome was 4,820,607 bp, with an average GC content of 55.3%, including a circular chromosome and three circular plasmids, two of which were previously unreported sequences and one was announced previously. The CHTF15 genome helps understand the pathogenic mechanism of this important plant pathogen and provides an important theoretical basis for disease epidemic and field control. [Formula: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 “No Rights Reserved” license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law, 2023.