ABSTRACT. In this study, effect of maternal labor and mode of delivery on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemiluminescence and random and chemotactic motilitv was evaluated in healthy full-term neonates. PMN werk obtained from cord blood of three groups of neonates: group I, 24 vaginally delivered neonates; group 11, 22 neonates delivered by elective cesarean section without labor; and group 111, 18 neonates delivered by cesarean section after labor. In group 111, six neonates were delivered by cesarean section for fetal distress with acidemia and 12 for failure of progression of labor. Peak chemiluminescence of PMN in group I11 was depressed compared with groups I and I1 ( p < 0.01). There was no difference in the peak chemiluminescence of PMN from neonates in group I versus group 11. Random motility of PMN in group I11 was increased compared with the random motility in groups I and I1 (p < 0.05). Chemotactic motility of PMN was comparable in all three groups. In group 111, a negative correlation was noted between peak chemiluminescence of PMN and the duration of labor ( p < 0.001), whereas no such correlation was observed in group I despite a similar duration of labor. There was no correlation between duration of labor and random and chemotactic motility of PMN in groups I and 111. The results of this study indicate that labor and mode of delivery per se have no effect on PMN function and that factors other than labor such as fetal acidemia, fetal distress, arrested labor, or maternal administration of drugs may play a role in alteration of PMN function. delivered vaginally and by cesarean section after labor compared with neonates delivered by cesarean section without labor. Bruce et al. (7) noted that spontaneous expression of CRl (complement receptors believed to be necessary for optimal phagocytosis) was greater in neonates delivered vaginally than in infants delivered by cesarean section without labor. The authors suggested that the increase in receptor expression may be due to factors associated with labor (7).Frazier et al. (8) demonstrated that oxidative-metabolic leukocyte functions were significantly lower in cord blood PMN from neonates delivered vaginally and by CW/L than in cord blood PMN from infants delivered by cesarean section without labor. The cause of the difference in PMN function of infants delivered after labor remains unknown. Significant differences have been demonstrated in corticosteroid, fatty acid, and prostaglandin concentrations in neonates delivered after labor compared with neonates delivered by cesarean section without labor (9-1 1). The role of maternal labor and mode of delivery on PMN function has not been resolved. The purpose of this study was to determine whether: 1) the mode of delivery has an effect on chemiluminescence, random motility, and chemotaxis of PMN obtained from cord blood of full-term healthy neonates; 2) there is a correlation between altered PMN function and duration of labor; and 3) various perinatal factors have an effect on PMN functions. MATERIALS ...
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