ABSTRACT. In this study, effect of maternal labor and mode of delivery on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemiluminescence and random and chemotactic motilitv was evaluated in healthy full-term neonates. PMN werk obtained from cord blood of three groups of neonates: group I, 24 vaginally delivered neonates; group 11, 22 neonates delivered by elective cesarean section without labor; and group 111, 18 neonates delivered by cesarean section after labor. In group 111, six neonates were delivered by cesarean section for fetal distress with acidemia and 12 for failure of progression of labor. Peak chemiluminescence of PMN in group I11 was depressed compared with groups I and I1 ( p < 0.01). There was no difference in the peak chemiluminescence of PMN from neonates in group I versus group 11. Random motility of PMN in group I11 was increased compared with the random motility in groups I and I1 (p < 0.05). Chemotactic motility of PMN was comparable in all three groups. In group 111, a negative correlation was noted between peak chemiluminescence of PMN and the duration of labor ( p < 0.001), whereas no such correlation was observed in group I despite a similar duration of labor. There was no correlation between duration of labor and random and chemotactic motility of PMN in groups I and 111. The results of this study indicate that labor and mode of delivery per se have no effect on PMN function and that factors other than labor such as fetal acidemia, fetal distress, arrested labor, or maternal administration of drugs may play a role in alteration of PMN function. delivered vaginally and by cesarean section after labor compared with neonates delivered by cesarean section without labor. Bruce et al. (7) noted that spontaneous expression of CRl (complement receptors believed to be necessary for optimal phagocytosis) was greater in neonates delivered vaginally than in infants delivered by cesarean section without labor. The authors suggested that the increase in receptor expression may be due to factors associated with labor (7).Frazier et al. (8) demonstrated that oxidative-metabolic leukocyte functions were significantly lower in cord blood PMN from neonates delivered vaginally and by CW/L than in cord blood PMN from infants delivered by cesarean section without labor. The cause of the difference in PMN function of infants delivered after labor remains unknown. Significant differences have been demonstrated in corticosteroid, fatty acid, and prostaglandin concentrations in neonates delivered after labor compared with neonates delivered by cesarean section without labor (9-1 1). The role of maternal labor and mode of delivery on PMN function has not been resolved. The purpose of this study was to determine whether: 1) the mode of delivery has an effect on chemiluminescence, random motility, and chemotaxis of PMN obtained from cord blood of full-term healthy neonates; 2) there is a correlation between altered PMN function and duration of labor; and 3) various perinatal factors have an effect on PMN functions. MATERIALS ...
Patients being treated at primary health care centres in Pakistan have inadequate control of high blood pressure. Evidence-based continuous education of primary health care physicians is a necessary intervention for optimizing treatment strategies and achieving better therapeutic control of hypertension in our population.
ABSTRACT. Random motility and chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes ( P M N ) was evaluated after in vitro exposure to 0, 300, 600, and 900 ng/mL (0.84, 1.68, and 2.52 wmol/L) of indomethacin. PMN were obtained from cord blood of 22 preterm infants of less than 37 wk gestation. For comparison, PMN were obtained from cord blood of seven healthy full-term infants and from venous blood of 10 normal adults. In preterm infants, a significant decrease of random motility and chemotaxis of PMN was noted at all three drug concentrations; impairment of PMN function was dose dependent in the three groups ( p < 0.0001), with the greatest effect seen at 900 ng/mL (2.52 pmol/L). Significant impairment of random motility was noted in full-term infants when compared with adults at all indomethacin concentrations and in chemotaxis at 300 and 600 ng/mL (0.84 and 1.68 wmol/L). The study indicates that indomethacin has an adverse effect on PMN random motility and chemotaxis, which is more pronounced in preterm infants. Indomethacin is accepted therapy to achieve closure of the PDA in preterm infants (1). Bacterial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn infants, particularly preterm infants (2). The high incidence of sepsis in the neonate appears to be secondary to the immaturity of the immune system (3). Defects in antibody-mediated immunity and abnormal function of PMN are the two major proposed mechanisms by which the risk of bacterial infection is increased. It has been shown that during the neonatal period PMN from stable, preterm infants demonstrate significantly decreased random motility and chemotaxis when compared with PMN from healthy, term neonates and adults (4).Indomethacin is commonly used in the first 2 wk of life, a time when the rate of septicemia in the newborn is highest (1-3, 5). Indomethacin has been shown to alter the PMN function in human and animal models, but conflicting reports have been published by different authors (6-9). The objective of this study was to determine if random motility or chemotaxis of PMN in preterm infants is altered by in vitro exposure to concentrations of indomethacin similar to that of plasma after indomethacin therapy. We also examined whether PMN from full-term infants and adults would similarly show alterations in random motility or chemotaxis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.